Merge branch 'develop' into pin_led

And removed unused define

.envrc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+use nix

.github/workflows/models_issue_triage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+name: Issue Triage (Models)
+
+on:
+  issues:
+    types: [opened]
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  models: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'meshtastic/firmware' && github.event.issue.user.type != 'Bot' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 1: Quality check (spam/AI-slop detection) - runs first, exits early if spam
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect spam or low-quality content
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: quality
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 20
+          prompt: |
+            Is this GitHub issue spam, AI-generated slop, or low quality?
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.issue.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.issue.body }}
+
+            Respond with exactly one of: spam, ai-generated, needs-review, ok
+          system-prompt: You detect spam and low-quality contributions. Be conservative - only flag obvious spam or AI slop.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply quality label if needed
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.QUALITY_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'spam': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Possible spam' },
+              'ai-generated': { color: 'fbca04', description: 'Possible AI-generated low-quality content' },
+              'needs-review': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'Needs human review' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.issue.number, labels: [label] });
+
+            // Set output to skip remaining steps
+            core.setOutput('is_spam', 'true');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 2: Duplicate detection - only if not spam
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect duplicate issues
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == ''
+        uses: pelikhan/action-genai-issue-dedup@bdb3b5d9451c1090ffcdf123d7447a5e7c7a2528 # v0.0.19
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 3: Completeness check + auto-labeling (combined into one AI call)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Determine if completeness check should be skipped
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: check-skip
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const title = (context.payload.issue.title || '').toLowerCase();
+            const labels = (context.payload.issue.labels || []).map(label => label.name);
+            const hasFeatureRequest = title.includes('feature request');
+            const hasEnhancement = labels.includes('enhancement');
+            const shouldSkip = hasFeatureRequest && hasEnhancement;
+            core.setOutput('should_skip', shouldSkip ? 'true' : 'false');
+
+      - name: Analyze issue completeness and determine labels
+        if: (steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == '') && steps.check-skip.outputs.should_skip != 'true'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: analysis
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          prompt: |
+            Analyze this GitHub issue for completeness and determine if it needs labels.
+
+            IMPORTANT: Distinguish between:
+            - Device/firmware bugs (crashes, reboots, lockups, radio/GPS/display/power issues) - these need device logs
+            - Build/release/packaging issues (missing files, CI failures, download problems) - these do NOT need device logs
+            - Documentation or website issues - these do NOT need device logs
+
+            If this is a device/firmware bug, request device logs and explain how to get them:
+
+            Web Flasher logs:
+            - Go to https://flasher.meshtastic.org
+            - Connect the device via USB and click Connect
+            - Open the device console/log output, reproduce the problem, then copy/download and attach/paste the logs
+
+            Meshtastic CLI logs:
+            - Run: meshtastic --port <serial-port> --noproto
+            - Reproduce the problem, then copy/paste the terminal output
+
+            Also request key context if missing: device model/variant, firmware version, region, steps to reproduce, expected vs actual.
+
+            Respond ONLY with valid JSON (no markdown, no code fences):
+            {"complete": true, "comment": "", "label": "none"}
+            OR
+            {"complete": false, "comment": "Your helpful comment", "label": "needs-logs"}
+
+            Use "needs-logs" ONLY if this is a device/firmware bug AND no logs are attached.
+            Use "needs-info" if basic info like firmware version or steps to reproduce are missing.
+            Use "none" if the issue is complete, is a feature request, or is a build/CI/packaging issue.
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.issue.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.issue.body }}
+          system-prompt: You are a helpful assistant that triages GitHub issues. Be conservative with labels. Only request device logs for actual device/firmware bugs, not for build/release/CI issues.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Process analysis result
+        if: (steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == '') && steps.check-skip.outputs.should_skip != 'true' && steps.analysis.outputs.response != ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: process
+        env:
+          AI_RESPONSE: ${{ steps.analysis.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            let raw = (process.env.AI_RESPONSE || '').trim();
+
+            // Strip markdown code fences if present
+            raw = raw.replace(/^```(?:json)?\s*/i, '').replace(/\s*```$/i, '').trim();
+
+            let complete = true;
+            let comment = '';
+            let label = 'none';
+
+            try {
+              const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+              complete = !!parsed.complete;
+              comment = (parsed.comment ?? '').toString().trim();
+              label = (parsed.label ?? 'none').toString().trim().toLowerCase();
+            } catch {
+              // If JSON parse fails, log warning and don't comment (avoid posting raw JSON)
+              console.log('Failed to parse AI response as JSON:', raw);
+              complete = true;
+              comment = '';
+              label = 'none';
+            }
+
+            // Validate label
+            const allowedLabels = new Set(['needs-logs', 'needs-info', 'none']);
+            if (!allowedLabels.has(label)) label = 'none';
+
+            // Only comment if we have a valid parsed comment (not raw JSON)
+            const shouldComment = !complete && comment.length > 0 && !comment.startsWith('{');
+            core.setOutput('should_comment', shouldComment ? 'true' : 'false');
+            core.setOutput('comment_body', comment);
+            core.setOutput('label', label);
+
+      - name: Apply triage label
+        if: steps.process.outputs.label != '' && steps.process.outputs.label != 'none'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          LABEL_NAME: ${{ steps.process.outputs.label }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = process.env.LABEL_NAME;
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'needs-logs': { color: 'cfd3d7', description: 'Device logs requested for triage' },
+              'needs-info': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'More information requested for triage' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.issue.number, labels: [label] });
+
+      - name: Comment on issue
+        if: steps.process.outputs.should_comment == 'true'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          COMMENT_BODY: ${{ steps.process.outputs.comment_body }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            await github.rest.issues.createComment({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              issue_number: context.payload.issue.number,
+              body: process.env.COMMENT_BODY
+            });

.github/workflows/models_pr_triage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+name: PR Triage (Models)
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+  models: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'meshtastic/firmware' && github.event.pull_request.user.type != 'Bot' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 1: Check if PR already has automation/type labels (skip if so)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Check existing labels
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: check-labels
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const skipLabels = new Set(['automation']);
+            const typeLabels = new Set(['bugfix', 'hardware-support', 'enhancement', 'dependencies', 'submodules', 'github_actions', 'trunk', 'cleanup']);
+            const prLabels = context.payload.pull_request.labels.map(l => l.name);
+
+            const shouldSkipAll = prLabels.some(l => skipLabels.has(l));
+            const hasTypeLabel = prLabels.some(l => typeLabels.has(l));
+
+            core.setOutput('skip_all', shouldSkipAll ? 'true' : 'false');
+            core.setOutput('has_type_label', hasTypeLabel ? 'true' : 'false');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 2: Quality check (spam/AI-slop detection)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect spam or low-quality content
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: quality
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 20
+          prompt: |
+            Is this GitHub pull request spam, AI-generated slop, or low quality?
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+
+            Respond with exactly one of: spam, ai-generated, needs-review, ok
+          system-prompt: You detect spam and low-quality contributions. Be conservative - only flag obvious spam or AI slop.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply quality label if needed
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: quality-label
+        env:
+          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.QUALITY_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'spam': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Possible spam' },
+              'ai-generated': { color: 'fbca04', description: 'Possible AI-generated low-quality content' },
+              'needs-review': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'Needs human review' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.pull_request.number, labels: [label] });
+
+            core.setOutput('is_spam', 'true');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 3: Auto-label PR type (bugfix/hardware-support/enhancement)
+      # Only skip for spam/ai-generated; still classify needs-review PRs
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Classify PR for labeling
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.check-labels.outputs.has_type_label != 'true' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'spam' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ai-generated'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: classify
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 30
+          prompt: |
+            Classify this pull request into exactly one category.
+
+            Return exactly one of: bugfix, hardware-support, enhancement
+
+            Use bugfix if it fixes a bug, crash, or incorrect behavior.
+            Use hardware-support if it adds or improves support for a specific hardware device/variant.
+            Use enhancement if it adds a new feature, improves performance, or refactors code.
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+          system-prompt: You classify pull requests into categories. Be conservative and pick the most appropriate single label.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply type label
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.check-labels.outputs.has_type_label != 'true' && steps.classify.outputs.response != ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          TYPE_LABEL: ${{ steps.classify.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.TYPE_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'bugfix': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Bug fix' },
+              'hardware-support': { color: '0e8a16', description: 'Hardware support addition or improvement' },
+              'enhancement': { color: 'a2eeef', description: 'New feature or enhancement' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.pull_request.number, labels: [label] });

.gitignore

@@ -50,3 +50,6 @@ idf_component.yml
 CMakeLists.txt
 /sdkconfig.*
 .dummy/*
+
+# PYTHONPATH used by the Nix shell
+.python3

bin/config.d/lora-usb-umesh-1262-30dbm.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1262
+  CS: 0
+  IRQ: 6
+  Reset: 1
+  Busy: 4
+  RXen: 2
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: ch341
+  USB_PID: 0x5512
+  USB_VID: 0x1A86
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+#  USB_Serialnum: 12345678
+  SX126X_MAX_POWER: 22
+# Reduce output power to improve EMI
+  NUM_PA_POINTS: 22
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: 12, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 10, 10, 9, 8, 8, 7
+# Note: This module integrates an additional PA to achieve higher output power.
+# The 'power' parameter here does not represent the actual RF output.
+# TX_GAIN_LORA defines the gain offset applied at each SX1262 input power step (1–22 dBm).
+# Each array element corresponds to the additional gain when that input level is set,
+# The effective RF output is: Pout ≈ Pset + TX_GAIN_LORA[index].
+# Please refer to https://github.com/linser233/uMesh/blob/main/RF_Power.md for detailed information.

bin/config.d/lora-usb-umesh-1262.yaml

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Lora:
-  Module: sx1262
-  CS: 0
-  IRQ: 6
-  Reset: 1
-  Busy: 4
-  RXen: 2
-  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
-  spidev: ch341
-  USB_PID: 0x5512
-  USB_VID: 0x1A86
-  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
-#  USB_Serialnum: 12345678
-  SX126X_MAX_POWER: 30
-# Reduce output power to improve EMI

bin/config.d/lora-usb-umesh-1268-30dbm.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Lora:
+  Module: sx1268
+  CS: 0
+  IRQ: 6
+  Reset: 1
+  Busy: 4
+  RXen: 2
+  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
+  spidev: ch341
+  USB_PID: 0x5512
+  USB_VID: 0x1A86
+  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
+#  USB_Serialnum: 12345678
+  SX126X_MAX_POWER: 22
+# Reduce output power to improve EMI
+  NUM_PA_POINTS: 22
+  TX_GAIN_LORA: 12, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 10, 10, 9, 8, 8, 7
+# Note: This module integrates an additional PA to achieve higher output power.
+# The 'power' parameter here does not represent the actual RF output.
+# TX_GAIN_LORA defines the gain offset applied at each SX1262 input power step (1–22 dBm).
+# Each array element corresponds to the additional gain when that input level is set,
+# The effective RF output is: Pout ≈ Pset + TX_GAIN_LORA[index].
+# Please refer to https://github.com/linser233/uMesh/blob/main/RF_Power.md for detailed information.

bin/config.d/lora-usb-umesh-1268.yaml

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Lora:
-  Module: sx1268
-  CS: 0
-  IRQ: 6
-  Reset: 1
-  Busy: 4
-  RXen: 2
-  DIO2_AS_RF_SWITCH: true
-  spidev: ch341
-  USB_PID: 0x5512
-  USB_VID: 0x1A86
-  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: true
-#  USB_Serialnum: 12345678
-  SX126X_MAX_POWER: 30
-# Reduce output power to improve EMI

bin/device-install.sh

@@ -32,6 +32,19 @@ if ! command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
+# esptool v5 supports commands with dashes and deprecates commands with
+# underscores. Prior versions only support commands with underscores
+if ${ESPTOOL_CMD} | grep --quiet write-flash
+then
+    ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH=write-flash
+    ESPTOOL_ERASE_FLASH=erase-flash
+    ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS=read-flash-status
+else
+    ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH=write_flash
+    ESPTOOL_ERASE_FLASH=erase_flash
+    ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS=read_flash_status
+fi
+
 set -e
 
 # Usage info
@@ -83,8 +96,8 @@ while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
 done
 
 if [[ $BPS_RESET == true ]]; then
-	$ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $RESET_BAUD --after no_reset read_flash_status
-	exit 0
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $RESET_BAUD --after no_reset ${ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS}
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 [ -z "$FILENAME" ] && [ -n "$1" ] && {
@@ -144,12 +157,12 @@ if [[ -f "$FILENAME" && "$FILENAME" == *.factory.bin ]]; then
     fi
 
     echo "Trying to flash ${FILENAME}, but first erasing and writing system information"
-    $ESPTOOL_CMD erase-flash
-    $ESPTOOL_CMD write-flash $FIRMWARE_OFFSET "${FILENAME}"
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD ${ESPTOOL_ERASE_FLASH}
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD ${ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH} $FIRMWARE_OFFSET "${FILENAME}"
     echo "Trying to flash ${OTAFILE} at offset ${OTA_OFFSET}"
-    $ESPTOOL_CMD write_flash $OTA_OFFSET "${OTAFILE}"
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD ${ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH} $OTA_OFFSET "${OTAFILE}"
     echo "Trying to flash ${SPIFFSFILE}, at offset ${OFFSET}"
-    $ESPTOOL_CMD write_flash $OFFSET "${SPIFFSFILE}"
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD ${ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH} $OFFSET "${SPIFFSFILE}"
 
 else
     show_help

bin/device-update.sh

@@ -20,6 +20,17 @@ else
     exit 1
 fi
 
+# esptool v5 supports commands with dashes and deprecates commands with
+# underscores. Prior versions only support commands with underscores
+if ${ESPTOOL_CMD} | grep --quiet write-flash
+then
+    ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH=write-flash
+    ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS=read-flash-status
+else
+    ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH=write_flash
+    ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS=read_flash_status
+fi
+
 # Usage info
 show_help() {
 cat << EOF
@@ -69,7 +80,7 @@ done
 shift "$((OPTIND-1))"
 
 if [ "$CHANGE_MODE" = true ]; then
-	$ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $RESET_BAUD --after no_reset read_flash_status
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $RESET_BAUD --after no_reset ${ESPTOOL_READ_FLASH_STATUS}
     exit 0
 fi
 
@@ -80,7 +91,7 @@ fi
 
 if [[ -f "$FILENAME" && "$FILENAME" != *.factory.bin ]]; then
     echo "Trying to flash update ${FILENAME}"
-    $ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $FLASH_BAUD write-flash $UPDATE_OFFSET "${FILENAME}"
+    $ESPTOOL_CMD --baud $FLASH_BAUD ${ESPTOOL_WRITE_FLASH} $UPDATE_OFFSET "${FILENAME}"
 else
     show_help
     echo "Invalid file: ${FILENAME}"

bin/org.meshtastic.meshtasticd.metainfo.xml

@@ -87,6 +87,9 @@
   </screenshots>
 
   <releases>
+    <release version="2.7.19" date="2026-01-22">
+      <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.19</url>
+    </release>
     <release version="2.7.18" date="2026-01-02">
       <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.18</url>
     </release>

boards/minimesh_lite.json

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  "build": {
+    "arduino": {
+      "ldscript": "nrf52840_s140_v6.ld"
+    },
+    "core": "nRF5",
+    "cpu": "cortex-m4",
+    "extra_flags": "-DMINIMESH_LITE -DNRF52840_XXAA",
+    "f_cpu": "64000000L",
+    "hwids": [
+      ["0x239A", "0x8029"],
+      ["0x239A", "0x0029"],
+      ["0x239A", "0x002A"]
+    ],
+    "usb_product": "Minimesh Lite",
+    "mcu": "nrf52840",
+    "variant": "dls_Minimesh_Lite",
+    "bsp": {
+      "name": "adafruit"
+    },
+    "softdevice": {
+      "sd_flags": "-DS140",
+      "sd_name": "s140",
+      "sd_version": "6.1.1",
+      "sd_fwid": "0x00B6"
+    },
+    "bootloader": {
+      "settings_addr": "0xFF000"
+    }
+  },
+  "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
+  "debug": {
+    "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+  },
+  "frameworks": ["arduino"],
+  "name": "Minimesh Lite",
+  "upload": {
+    "maximum_ram_size": 248832,
+    "maximum_size": 815104,
+    "speed": 115200,
+    "protocol": "nrfutil",
+    "protocols": ["nrfutil", "jlink", "nrfjprog", "stlink"],
+    "use_1200bps_touch": true,
+    "require_upload_port": true,
+    "wait_for_upload_port": true
+  },
+  "url": "https://deeplabstudio.com",
+  "vendor": "Deeplab Studio"
+}

debian/changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+meshtasticd (2.7.19.0) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  * Version 2.7.19
+
+ -- GitHub Actions <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>  Thu, 22 Jan 2026 22:17:40 +0000
+
 meshtasticd (2.7.18.0) unstable; urgency=medium
 
   * Version 2.7.18

flake.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "nodes": {
+    "flake-compat": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1767039857,
+        "narHash": "sha256-vNpUSpF5Nuw8xvDLj2KCwwksIbjua2LZCqhV1LNRDns=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "rev": "5edf11c44bc78a0d334f6334cdaf7d60d732daab",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1766314097,
+        "narHash": "sha256-laJftWbghBehazn/zxVJ8NdENVgjccsWAdAqKXhErrM=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "306ea70f9eb0fb4e040f8540e2deab32ed7e2055",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "root": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "root": "root",
+  "version": 7
+}

flake.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+{
+  description = "Nix flake to compile Meshtastic firmware";
+
+  inputs = {
+    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
+
+    # Shim to make flake.nix work with stable Nix.
+    flake-compat = {
+      url = "github:NixOS/flake-compat";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+  };
+
+  outputs =
+    inputs:
+    let
+      lib = inputs.nixpkgs.lib;
+
+      forAllSystems =
+        fn:
+        lib.genAttrs lib.systems.flakeExposed (
+          system:
+          fn {
+            pkgs = import inputs.nixpkgs {
+              inherit system;
+            };
+            inherit system;
+          }
+        );
+    in
+    {
+      devShells = forAllSystems (
+        { pkgs, ... }:
+        let
+          python3 = pkgs.python312.withPackages (
+            ps: with ps; [
+              google
+            ]
+          );
+        in
+        {
+          default = pkgs.mkShell {
+            buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+              python3
+              platformio
+            ];
+
+            shellHook = ''
+              # Set up PlatformIO to use a local core directory.
+              export PLATFORMIO_CORE_DIR=$PWD/.platformio
+              # Tell pip to put packages into $PIP_PREFIX instead of the usual
+              # location. This is especially necessary under NixOS to avoid having
+              # pip trying to write to the read-only Nix store. For more info,
+              # see https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Python
+              export PIP_PREFIX=$PWD/.python3
+              export PYTHONPATH="$PIP_PREFIX/${python3.sitePackages}"
+              export PATH="$PIP_PREFIX/bin:$PATH"
+              # Avoids reproducibility issues with some Python packages
+              # See https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#python-setup.py-bdist_wheel-cannot-create-.whl
+              unset SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
+            '';
+          };
+        }
+      );
+    };
+}

monitor/filter_c3_exception_decoder.py

@@ -43,13 +43,11 @@ class Esp32C3ExceptionDecoder(DeviceMonitorFilterBase):
         self.enabled = self.setup_paths()
 
         if self.config.get("env:" + self.environment, "build_type") != "debug":
-            print(
-                """
+            print("""
 Please build project in debug configuration to get more details about an exception.
 See https://docs.platformio.org/page/projectconf/build_configurations.html
 
-"""
-            )
+""")
 
         return self
 

platformio.ini

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ build_flags = -Wno-missing-field-initializers
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GENERIC_THREAD_MODULE=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWERMON=1
 	-D MAX_THREADS=40 ; As we've split modules, we have more threads to manage
+	-DLED_BUILTIN=-1
 	#-DBUILD_EPOCH=$UNIX_TIME ; set in platformio-custom.py now
 	#-D OLED_PL=1
 	#-D DEBUG_HEAP=1 ; uncomment to add free heap space / memory leak debugging logs
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ lib_deps =
 [device-ui_base]
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic/device-ui packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui gitBranch=master
-	https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui/archive/3480b731d28b10d73414cf0dd7975bff745de8cf.zip
+	https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui/archive/63967a4a557d33d56fc5746f9128200dde2d88c5.zip
 
 ; Common libs for environmental measurements in telemetry module
 [environmental_base]

shell.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(import (
+  let
+    lock = builtins.fromJSON (builtins.readFile ./flake.lock);
+    nodeName = lock.nodes.root.inputs.flake-compat;
+  in
+  fetchTarball {
+    url =
+      lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.url
+        or "https://github.com/NixOS/flake-compat/archive/${lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.rev}.tar.gz";
+    sha256 = lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.narHash;
+  }
+) { src = ./.; }).shellNix

src/BluetoothStatus.h

@@ -89,22 +89,14 @@ class BluetoothStatus : public Status
             case ConnectionState::CONNECTED:
                 LOG_DEBUG("BluetoothStatus CONNECTED");
 #ifdef BLE_LED
-#ifdef BLE_LED_INVERTED
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LOW);
-#else
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, HIGH);
-#endif
+                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LED_STATE_ON);
 #endif
                 break;
 
             case ConnectionState::DISCONNECTED:
                 LOG_DEBUG("BluetoothStatus DISCONNECTED");
 #ifdef BLE_LED
-#ifdef BLE_LED_INVERTED
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, HIGH);
-#else
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LOW);
-#endif
+                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LED_STATE_OFF);
 #endif
                 break;
             }

src/Power.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 /**
  * @file Power.cpp
- * @brief This file contains the implementation of the Power class, which is responsible for managing power-related functionality
- * of the device. It includes battery level sensing, power management unit (PMU) control, and power state machine management. The
- * Power class is used by the main device class to manage power-related functionality.
+ * @brief This file contains the implementation of the Power class, which is
+ * responsible for managing power-related functionality of the device. It
+ * includes battery level sensing, power management unit (PMU) control, and
+ * power state machine management. The Power class is used by the main device
+ * class to manage power-related functionality.
  *
- * The file also includes implementations of various battery level sensors, such as the AnalogBatteryLevel class, which assumes
- * the battery voltage is attached via a voltage-divider to an analog input.
+ * The file also includes implementations of various battery level sensors, such
+ * as the AnalogBatteryLevel class, which assumes the battery voltage is
+ * attached via a voltage-divider to an analog input.
  *
  * This file is part of the Meshtastic project.
  * For more information, see: https://meshtastic.org/
@@ -19,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "configuration.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "meshUtils.h"
+#include "power/PowerHAL.h"
 #include "sleep.h"
 
 #if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
@@ -171,22 +175,12 @@ Power *power;
 
 using namespace meshtastic;
 
-#ifndef AREF_VOLTAGE
-#if defined(ARCH_NRF52)
-/*
- * Internal Reference is +/-0.6V, with an adjustable gain of 1/6, 1/5, 1/4,
- * 1/3, 1/2 or 1, meaning 3.6, 3.0, 2.4, 1.8, 1.2 or 0.6V for the ADC levels.
- *
- * External Reference is VDD/4, with an adjustable gain of 1, 2 or 4, meaning
- * VDD/4, VDD/2 or VDD for the ADC levels.
- *
- * Default settings are internal reference with 1/6 gain (GND..3.6V ADC range)
- */
-#define AREF_VOLTAGE 3.6
-#else
+// NRF52 has AREF_VOLTAGE defined in architecture.h but
+// make sure it's included. If something is wrong with NRF52
+// definition - compilation will fail on missing definition
+#if !defined(AREF_VOLTAGE) && !defined(ARCH_NRF52)
 #define AREF_VOLTAGE 3.3
 #endif
-#endif
 
 /**
  * If this board has a battery level sensor, set this to a valid implementation
@@ -233,7 +227,8 @@ static void battery_adcDisable()
 #endif
 
 /**
- * A simple battery level sensor that assumes the battery voltage is attached via a voltage-divider to an analog input
+ * A simple battery level sensor that assumes the battery voltage is attached
+ * via a voltage-divider to an analog input
  */
 class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
 {
@@ -311,7 +306,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
 
 #ifndef BATTERY_SENSE_SAMPLES
 #define BATTERY_SENSE_SAMPLES                                                                                                    \
-    15 // Set the number of samples, it has an effect of increasing sensitivity in complex electromagnetic environment.
+    15 // Set the number of samples, it has an effect of increasing sensitivity in
+       // complex electromagnetic environment.
 #endif
 
 #ifdef BATTERY_PIN
@@ -341,7 +337,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
             battery_adcDisable();
 
             if (!initial_read_done) {
-                // Flush the smoothing filter with an ADC reading, if the reading is plausibly correct
+                // Flush the smoothing filter with an ADC reading, if the reading is
+                // plausibly correct
                 if (scaled > last_read_value)
                     last_read_value = scaled;
                 initial_read_done = true;
@@ -350,8 +347,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
                 last_read_value += (scaled - last_read_value) * 0.5; // Virtual LPF
             }
 
-            // LOG_DEBUG("battery gpio %d raw val=%u scaled=%u filtered=%u", BATTERY_PIN, raw, (uint32_t)(scaled), (uint32_t)
-            // (last_read_value));
+            // LOG_DEBUG("battery gpio %d raw val=%u scaled=%u filtered=%u",
+            // BATTERY_PIN, raw, (uint32_t)(scaled), (uint32_t) (last_read_value));
         }
         return last_read_value;
 #endif // BATTERY_PIN
@@ -420,7 +417,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
     /**
      * return true if there is a battery installed in this unit
      */
-    // if we have a integrated device with a battery, we can assume that the battery is always connected
+    // if we have a integrated device with a battery, we can assume that the
+    // battery is always connected
 #ifdef BATTERY_IMMUTABLE
     virtual bool isBatteryConnect() override { return true; }
 #elif defined(ADC_V)
@@ -441,10 +439,10 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
     virtual bool isBatteryConnect() override { return getBatteryPercent() != -1; }
 #endif
 
-    /// If we see a battery voltage higher than physics allows - assume charger is pumping
-    /// in power
-    /// On some boards we don't have the power management chip (like AXPxxxx)
-    /// so we use EXT_PWR_DETECT GPIO pin to detect external power source
+    /// If we see a battery voltage higher than physics allows - assume charger is
+    /// pumping in power On some boards we don't have the power management chip
+    /// (like AXPxxxx) so we use EXT_PWR_DETECT GPIO pin to detect external power
+    /// source
     virtual bool isVbusIn() override
     {
 #ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
@@ -461,8 +459,12 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
         }
         // if it's not HIGH - check the battery
 #endif
-#elif defined(MUZI_BASE)
-        return NRF_POWER->USBREGSTATUS & POWER_USBREGSTATUS_VBUSDETECT_Msk;
+
+// technically speaking this should work for all(?) NRF52 boards
+// but needs testing across multiple devices. NRF52 USB would not even work if
+// VBUS was not properly connected and detected by the CPU
+#elif defined(MUZI_BASE) || defined(PROMICRO_DIY_TCXO)
+        return powerHAL_isVBUSConnected();
 #endif
         return getBattVoltage() > chargingVolt;
     }
@@ -485,8 +487,9 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
 #else
 #if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && !defined(DISABLE_INA_CHARGING_DETECTION)
         if (hasINA()) {
-            // get current flow from INA sensor - negative value means power flowing into the battery
-            // default assuming  BATTERY+  <--> INA_VIN+ <--> SHUNT RESISTOR <--> INA_VIN- <--> LOAD
+            // get current flow from INA sensor - negative value means power flowing
+            // into the battery default assuming  BATTERY+  <--> INA_VIN+ <--> SHUNT
+            // RESISTOR <--> INA_VIN- <--> LOAD
             LOG_DEBUG("Using INA on I2C addr 0x%x for charging detection", config.power.device_battery_ina_address);
 #if defined(INA_CHARGING_DETECTION_INVERT)
             return getINACurrent() > 0;
@@ -502,8 +505,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
     }
 
   private:
-    /// If we see a battery voltage higher than physics allows - assume charger is pumping
-    /// in power
+    /// If we see a battery voltage higher than physics allows - assume charger is
+    /// pumping in power
 
     /// For heltecs with no battery connected, the measured voltage is 2204, so
     // need to be higher than that, in this case is 2500mV (3000-500)
@@ -512,7 +515,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
     const float noBatVolt = (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] - 500) * NUM_CELLS;
     // Start value from minimum voltage for the filter to not start from 0
     // that could trigger some events.
-    // This value is over-written by the first ADC reading, it the voltage seems reasonable.
+    // This value is over-written by the first ADC reading, it the voltage seems
+    // reasonable.
     bool initial_read_done = false;
     float last_read_value = (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] * NUM_CELLS);
     uint32_t last_read_time_ms = 0;
@@ -654,7 +658,8 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
 #ifdef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3
     // ESP32S3
     else if (val_type == ESP_ADC_CAL_VAL_EFUSE_TP_FIT) {
-        LOG_INFO("ADC config based on Two Point values and fitting curve coefficients stored in eFuse");
+        LOG_INFO("ADC config based on Two Point values and fitting curve "
+                 "coefficients stored in eFuse");
     }
 #endif
     else {
@@ -662,13 +667,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
     }
 #endif // ARCH_ESP32
 
-#ifdef ARCH_NRF52
-#ifdef VBAT_AR_INTERNAL
-    analogReference(VBAT_AR_INTERNAL);
-#else
-    analogReference(AR_INTERNAL); // 3.6V
-#endif
-#endif // ARCH_NRF52
+    // NRF52 ADC init moved to powerHAL_init in nrf52 platform
 
 #ifndef ARCH_ESP32
     analogReadResolution(BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS);
@@ -723,6 +722,16 @@ bool Power::setup()
             runASAP = true;
         },
         CHANGE);
+#endif
+#ifdef EXT_CHRG_DETECT
+    attachInterrupt(
+        EXT_CHRG_DETECT,
+        []() {
+            power->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+            runASAP = true;
+            BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+        },
+        CHANGE);
 #endif
     enabled = found;
     low_voltage_counter = 0;
@@ -769,7 +778,8 @@ void Power::reboot()
     HAL_NVIC_SystemReset();
 #else
     rebootAtMsec = -1;
-    LOG_WARN("FIXME implement reboot for this platform. Note that some settings require a restart to be applied");
+    LOG_WARN("FIXME implement reboot for this platform. Note that some settings "
+             "require a restart to be applied");
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -779,9 +789,12 @@ void Power::shutdown()
 #if HAS_SCREEN
     if (screen) {
 #ifdef T_DECK_PRO
-        screen->showSimpleBanner("Device is powered off.\nConnect USB to start!", 0); // T-Deck Pro has no power button
+        screen->showSimpleBanner("Device is powered off.\nConnect USB to start!",
+                                 0); // T-Deck Pro has no power button
 #elif defined(USE_EINK)
-        screen->showSimpleBanner("Shutting Down...", 2250); // dismiss after 3 seconds to avoid the banner on the sleep screen
+        screen->showSimpleBanner("Shutting Down...",
+                                 2250); // dismiss after 3 seconds to avoid the
+                                        // banner on the sleep screen
 #else
         screen->showSimpleBanner("Shutting Down...", 0); // stays on screen
 #endif
@@ -803,6 +816,9 @@ void Power::shutdown()
 #endif
 #ifdef PIN_LED3
     ledOff(PIN_LED3);
+#endif
+#ifdef LED_NOTIFICATION
+    ledOff(LED_NOTIFICATION);
 #endif
     doDeepSleep(DELAY_FOREVER, true, true);
 #elif defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
@@ -820,7 +836,8 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
     int32_t batteryVoltageMv = -1; // Assume unknown
     int8_t batteryChargePercent = -1;
     OptionalBool usbPowered = OptUnknown;
-    OptionalBool hasBattery = OptUnknown; // These must be static because NRF_APM code doesn't run every time
+    OptionalBool hasBattery = OptUnknown; // These must be static because NRF_APM
+                                          // code doesn't run every time
     OptionalBool isChargingNow = OptUnknown;
 
     if (batteryLevel) {
@@ -833,9 +850,10 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
             if (batteryLevel->getBatteryPercent() >= 0) {
                 batteryChargePercent = batteryLevel->getBatteryPercent();
             } else {
-                // If the AXP192 returns a percentage less than 0, the feature is either not supported or there is an error
-                // In that case, we compute an estimate of the charge percent based on open circuit voltage table defined
-                // in power.h
+                // If the AXP192 returns a percentage less than 0, the feature is either
+                // not supported or there is an error In that case, we compute an
+                // estimate of the charge percent based on open circuit voltage table
+                // defined in power.h
                 batteryChargePercent = clamp((int)(((batteryVoltageMv - (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] * NUM_CELLS)) * 1e2) /
                                                    ((OCV[0] * NUM_CELLS) - (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] * NUM_CELLS))),
                                              0, 100);
@@ -843,12 +861,12 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
         }
     }
 
-// FIXME: IMO we shouldn't be littering our code with all these ifdefs.  Way better instead to make a Nrf52IsUsbPowered subclass
-// (which shares a superclass with the BatteryLevel stuff)
-// that just provides a few methods.  But in the interest of fixing this bug I'm going to follow current
-// practice.
-#ifdef NRF_APM // Section of code detects USB power on the RAK4631 and updates the power states.  Takes 20 seconds or so to detect
-               // changes.
+// FIXME: IMO we shouldn't be littering our code with all these ifdefs.  Way
+// better instead to make a Nrf52IsUsbPowered subclass (which shares a
+// superclass with the BatteryLevel stuff) that just provides a few methods. But
+// in the interest of fixing this bug I'm going to follow current practice.
+#ifdef NRF_APM // Section of code detects USB power on the RAK4631 and updates
+               // the power states.  Takes 20 seconds or so to detect changes.
 
     nrfx_power_usb_state_t nrf_usb_state = nrfx_power_usbstatus_get();
     // LOG_DEBUG("NRF Power %d", nrf_usb_state);
@@ -922,8 +940,9 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
 
 #endif
 
-    // If we have a battery at all and it is less than 0%, force deep sleep if we have more than 10 low readings in
-    // a row. NOTE: min LiIon/LiPo voltage is 2.0 to 2.5V, current OCV min is set to 3100 that is large enough.
+    // If we have a battery at all and it is less than 0%, force deep sleep if we
+    // have more than 10 low readings in a row. NOTE: min LiIon/LiPo voltage
+    // is 2.0 to 2.5V, current OCV min is set to 3100 that is large enough.
     //
 
     if (batteryLevel && powerStatus2.getHasBattery() && !powerStatus2.getHasUSB()) {
@@ -945,8 +964,8 @@ int32_t Power::runOnce()
     readPowerStatus();
 
 #ifdef HAS_PMU
-    // WE no longer use the IRQ line to wake the CPU (due to false wakes from sleep), but we do poll
-    // the IRQ status by reading the registers over I2C
+    // WE no longer use the IRQ line to wake the CPU (due to false wakes from
+    // sleep), but we do poll the IRQ status by reading the registers over I2C
     if (PMU) {
 
         PMU->getIrqStatus();
@@ -988,7 +1007,8 @@ int32_t Power::runOnce()
         PMU->clearIrqStatus();
     }
 #endif
-    // Only read once every 20 seconds once the power status for the app has been initialized
+    // Only read once every 20 seconds once the power status for the app has been
+    // initialized
     return (statusHandler && statusHandler->isInitialized()) ? (1000 * 20) : RUN_SAME;
 }
 
@@ -996,10 +1016,12 @@ int32_t Power::runOnce()
  * Init the power manager chip
  *
  * axp192 power
-    DCDC1 0.7-3.5V @ 1200mA max -> OLED // If you turn this off you'll lose comms to the axp192 because the OLED and the
- axp192 share the same i2c bus, instead use ssd1306 sleep mode DCDC2 -> unused DCDC3 0.7-3.5V @ 700mA max -> ESP32 (keep this
- on!) LDO1 30mA -> charges GPS backup battery // charges the tiny J13 battery by the GPS to power the GPS ram (for a couple of
- days), can not be turned off LDO2 200mA -> LORA LDO3 200mA -> GPS
+    DCDC1 0.7-3.5V @ 1200mA max -> OLED // If you turn this off you'll lose
+ comms to the axp192 because the OLED and the axp192 share the same i2c bus,
+ instead use ssd1306 sleep mode DCDC2 -> unused DCDC3 0.7-3.5V @ 700mA max ->
+ ESP32 (keep this on!) LDO1 30mA -> charges GPS backup battery // charges the
+ tiny J13 battery by the GPS to power the GPS ram (for a couple of days), can
+ not be turned off LDO2 200mA -> LORA LDO3 200mA -> GPS
  *
  */
 bool Power::axpChipInit()
@@ -1044,9 +1066,10 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
 
     if (!PMU) {
         /*
-         * In XPowersLib, if the XPowersAXPxxx object is released, Wire.end() will be called at the same time.
-         * In order not to affect other devices, if the initialization of the PMU fails, Wire needs to be re-initialized once,
-         * if there are multiple devices sharing the bus.
+         * In XPowersLib, if the XPowersAXPxxx object is released, Wire.end() will
+         * be called at the same time. In order not to affect other devices, if the
+         * initialization of the PMU fails, Wire needs to be re-initialized once, if
+         * there are multiple devices sharing the bus.
          * * */
 #ifndef PMU_USE_WIRE1
         w->begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);
@@ -1063,8 +1086,8 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
         PMU->enablePowerOutput(XPOWERS_LDO2);
 
         // oled module power channel,
-        // disable it will cause abnormal communication between boot and AXP power supply,
-        // do not turn it off
+        // disable it will cause abnormal communication between boot and AXP power
+        // supply, do not turn it off
         PMU->setPowerChannelVoltage(XPOWERS_DCDC1, 3300);
         // enable oled power
         PMU->enablePowerOutput(XPOWERS_DCDC1);
@@ -1091,7 +1114,8 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
         PMU->setChargeTargetVoltage(XPOWERS_AXP192_CHG_VOL_4V2);
     } else if (PMU->getChipModel() == XPOWERS_AXP2101) {
 
-        /*The alternative version of T-Beam 1.1 differs from T-Beam V1.1 in that it uses an AXP2101 power chip*/
+        /*The alternative version of T-Beam 1.1 differs from T-Beam V1.1 in that it
+         * uses an AXP2101 power chip*/
         if (HW_VENDOR == meshtastic_HardwareModel_TBEAM) {
             // Unuse power channel
             PMU->disablePowerOutput(XPOWERS_DCDC2);
@@ -1126,8 +1150,8 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
             // t-beam s3 core
             /**
              * gnss module power channel
-             * The default ALDO4 is off, you need to turn on the GNSS power first, otherwise it will be invalid during
-             * initialization
+             * The default ALDO4 is off, you need to turn on the GNSS power first,
+             * otherwise it will be invalid during initialization
              */
             PMU->setPowerChannelVoltage(XPOWERS_ALDO4, 3300);
             PMU->enablePowerOutput(XPOWERS_ALDO4);
@@ -1177,7 +1201,8 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
         // disable all axp chip interrupt
         PMU->disableIRQ(XPOWERS_AXP2101_ALL_IRQ);
 
-        // Set the constant current charging current of AXP2101, temporarily use 500mA by default
+        // Set the constant current charging current of AXP2101, temporarily use
+        // 500mA by default
         PMU->setChargerConstantCurr(XPOWERS_AXP2101_CHG_CUR_500MA);
 
         // Set up the charging voltage
@@ -1243,11 +1268,12 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
                   PMU->getPowerChannelVoltage(XPOWERS_BLDO2));
     }
 
-// We can safely ignore this approach for most (or all) boards because MCU turned off
-// earlier than battery discharged to 2.6V.
+// We can safely ignore this approach for most (or all) boards because MCU
+// turned off earlier than battery discharged to 2.6V.
 //
-// Unfortanly for now we can't use this killswitch for RAK4630-based boards because they have a bug with
-// battery voltage measurement. Probably it sometimes drops to low values.
+// Unfortunately for now we can't use this killswitch for RAK4630-based boards
+// because they have a bug with battery voltage measurement. Probably it
+// sometimes drops to low values.
 #ifndef RAK4630
     // Set PMU shutdown voltage at 2.6V to maximize battery utilization
     PMU->setSysPowerDownVoltage(2600);
@@ -1266,10 +1292,12 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
     attachInterrupt(
         PMU_IRQ, [] { pmu_irq = true; }, FALLING);
 
-    // we do not look for AXPXXX_CHARGING_FINISHED_IRQ & AXPXXX_CHARGING_IRQ because it occurs repeatedly while there is
-    // no battery also it could cause inadvertent waking from light sleep just because the battery filled
-    // we don't look for AXPXXX_BATT_REMOVED_IRQ because it occurs repeatedly while no battery installed
-    // we don't look at AXPXXX_VBUS_REMOVED_IRQ because we don't have anything hooked to vbus
+    // we do not look for AXPXXX_CHARGING_FINISHED_IRQ & AXPXXX_CHARGING_IRQ
+    // because it occurs repeatedly while there is no battery also it could cause
+    // inadvertent waking from light sleep just because the battery filled we
+    // don't look for AXPXXX_BATT_REMOVED_IRQ because it occurs repeatedly while
+    // no battery installed we don't look at AXPXXX_VBUS_REMOVED_IRQ because we
+    // don't have anything hooked to vbus
     PMU->enableIRQ(pmuIrqMask);
 
     PMU->clearIrqStatus();
@@ -1385,8 +1413,8 @@ class LipoCharger : public HasBatteryLevel
             bool result = PPM->init(Wire, I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL, BQ25896_ADDR);
             if (result) {
                 LOG_INFO("PPM BQ25896 init succeeded");
-                // Set the minimum operating voltage. Below this voltage, the PPM will protect
-                // PPM->setSysPowerDownVoltage(3100);
+                // Set the minimum operating voltage. Below this voltage, the PPM will
+                // protect PPM->setSysPowerDownVoltage(3100);
 
                 // Set input current limit, default is 500mA
                 // PPM->setInputCurrentLimit(800);
@@ -1409,7 +1437,8 @@ class LipoCharger : public HasBatteryLevel
                 PPM->enableMeasure();
 
                 // Turn on charging function
-                // If there is no battery connected, do not turn on the charging function
+                // If there is no battery connected, do not turn on the charging
+                // function
                 PPM->enableCharge();
             } else {
                 LOG_WARN("PPM BQ25896 init failed");
@@ -1444,7 +1473,8 @@ class LipoCharger : public HasBatteryLevel
     virtual int getBatteryPercent() override
     {
         return -1;
-        // return bq->getChargePercent(); // don't use BQ27220 for battery percent, it is not calibrated
+        // return bq->getChargePercent(); // don't use BQ27220 for battery percent,
+        // it is not calibrated
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1566,7 +1596,8 @@ bool Power::meshSolarInit()
 
 #else
 /**
- * The meshSolar battery level sensor is unavailable - default to AnalogBatteryLevel
+ * The meshSolar battery level sensor is unavailable - default to
+ * AnalogBatteryLevel
  */
 bool Power::meshSolarInit()
 {

src/configuration.h

@@ -155,6 +155,10 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #endif
 
 // Default system gain to 0 if not defined
+#ifndef NUM_PA_POINTS
+#define NUM_PA_POINTS 1
+#endif
+
 #ifndef TX_GAIN_LORA
 #define TX_GAIN_LORA 0
 #endif
@@ -386,9 +390,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #ifndef HAS_RADIO
 #define HAS_RADIO 0
 #endif
-#ifndef HAS_RTC
-#define HAS_RTC 0
-#endif
 #ifndef HAS_CPU_SHUTDOWN
 #define HAS_CPU_SHUTDOWN 0
 #endif
@@ -424,12 +425,16 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define HAS_RGB_LED
 #endif
 
-#ifndef LED_STATE_OFF
-#define LED_STATE_OFF 0
-#endif
 #ifndef LED_STATE_ON
 #define LED_STATE_ON 1
 #endif
+#ifndef LED_STATE_OFF
+#define LED_STATE_OFF (LED_STATE_ON ^ 1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ledOff
+#define ledOff(pin) pinMode(pin, INPUT)
+#endif
 
 // default mapping of pins
 #if defined(PIN_BUTTON2) && !defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)

src/gps/GPS.cpp

@@ -905,6 +905,12 @@ void GPS::writePinStandby(bool standby)
     // Write and log
     pinMode(PIN_GPS_STANDBY, OUTPUT);
     digitalWrite(PIN_GPS_STANDBY, val);
+
+    // Enter backup mode on PA1010D; TODO: may be applicable to other MTK GPS too
+    if (IS_ONE_OF(gnssModel, GNSS_MODEL_MTK_PA1010D)) {
+        _serial_gps->write("$PMTK225,4*2F\r\n");
+    }
+
 #ifdef GPS_DEBUG
     LOG_DEBUG("Pin STANDBY %s", val == HIGH ? "HI" : "LOW");
 #endif

src/gps/RTC.cpp

@@ -276,11 +276,7 @@ RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct timeval *tv, bool forceUpd
         settimeofday(tv, NULL);
 #endif
 
-        // nrf52 doesn't have a readable RTC (yet - software not written)
-#if HAS_RTC
         readFromRTC();
-#endif
-
         return RTCSetResultSuccess;
     } else {
         return RTCSetResultNotSet; // RTC was already set with a higher quality time
@@ -397,7 +393,7 @@ uint32_t getValidTime(RTCQuality minQuality, bool local)
     return (currentQuality >= minQuality) ? getTime(local) : 0;
 }
 
-time_t gm_mktime(struct tm *tm)
+time_t gm_mktime(const struct tm *tm)
 {
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TZ
     time_t result = 0;
@@ -413,8 +409,8 @@ time_t gm_mktime(struct tm *tm)
     days_before_this_year -= 719162; // (1969 * 365 + 1969 / 4 - 1969 / 100 + 1969 / 400);
 
     // Now, within this tm->year, compute the days *before* this tm->month starts.
-    int days_before_month[12] = {0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334}; // non-leap year
-    int days_this_year_before_this_month = days_before_month[tm->tm_mon];                // tm->tm_mon is 0..11
+    static const int days_before_month[12] = {0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334}; // non-leap year
+    int days_this_year_before_this_month = days_before_month[tm->tm_mon];                             // tm->tm_mon is 0..11
 
     // If this is a leap year, and we're past February, add a day:
     if (tm->tm_mon >= 2 && (year % 4) == 0 && ((year % 100) != 0 || (year % 400) == 0)) {
@@ -435,6 +431,7 @@ time_t gm_mktime(struct tm *tm)
 
     return result;
 #else
-    return mktime(tm);
+    struct tm tmCopy = *tm;
+    return mktime(&tmCopy);
 #endif
 }

src/gps/RTC.h

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ uint32_t getValidTime(RTCQuality minQuality, bool local = false);
 
 RTCSetResult readFromRTC();
 
-time_t gm_mktime(struct tm *tm);
+time_t gm_mktime(const struct tm *tm);
 
 #define SEC_PER_DAY 86400
 #define SEC_PER_HOUR 3600

src/graphics/Screen.cpp

@@ -1731,6 +1731,26 @@ int Screen::handleInputEvent(const InputEvent *event)
                 showFrame(FrameDirection::PREVIOUS);
             } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_RIGHT || event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS) {
                 showFrame(FrameDirection::NEXT);
+            } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_FN_F1) {
+                this->ui->switchToFrame(0);
+                lastScreenTransition = millis();
+                setFastFramerate();
+            } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_FN_F2) {
+                this->ui->switchToFrame(1);
+                lastScreenTransition = millis();
+                setFastFramerate();
+            } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_FN_F3) {
+                this->ui->switchToFrame(2);
+                lastScreenTransition = millis();
+                setFastFramerate();
+            } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_FN_F4) {
+                this->ui->switchToFrame(3);
+                lastScreenTransition = millis();
+                setFastFramerate();
+            } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_FN_F5) {
+                this->ui->switchToFrame(4);
+                lastScreenTransition = millis();
+                setFastFramerate();
             } else if (event->inputEvent == INPUT_BROKER_UP_LONG) {
                 // Long press up button for fast frame switching
                 showPrevFrame();

src/graphics/draw/MenuHandler.cpp

@@ -266,52 +266,8 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()
 
     // Calculate number of channels (copied from RadioInterface::applyModemConfig())
     meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig = config.lora;
-    double bw = loraConfig.bandwidth;
-    if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
-        switch (loraConfig.modem_preset) {
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 1625.0 : 500;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_TURBO:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 1625.0 : 500;
-            break;
-        default:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 406.25 : 125;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW:
-            bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 406.25 : 125;
-            break;
-        }
-    } else {
-        bw = loraConfig.bandwidth;
-        if (bw == 31) // This parameter is not an integer
-            bw = 31.25;
-        if (bw == 62) // Fix for 62.5Khz bandwidth
-            bw = 62.5;
-        if (bw == 200)
-            bw = 203.125;
-        if (bw == 400)
-            bw = 406.25;
-        if (bw == 800)
-            bw = 812.5;
-        if (bw == 1600)
-            bw = 1625.0;
-    }
+    double bw = loraConfig.use_preset ? modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora)
+                                      : bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
 
     uint32_t numChannels = 0;
     if (myRegion) {

src/graphics/draw/MenuHandler.h

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ struct ScreenColor {
     uint8_t b;
     bool useVariant;
 
-    ScreenColor(uint8_t rIn = 0, uint8_t gIn = 0, uint8_t bIn = 0, bool variantIn = false)
+    explicit ScreenColor(uint8_t rIn = 0, uint8_t gIn = 0, uint8_t bIn = 0, bool variantIn = false)
         : r(rIn), g(gIn), b(bIn), useVariant(variantIn)
     {
     }

src/graphics/draw/MessageRenderer.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include "MessageStore.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "UIRenderer.h"
-#include "configuration.h"
 #include "gps/RTC.h"
 #include "graphics/Screen.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@
 
 // External declarations
 extern bool hasUnreadMessage;
-extern meshtastic_DeviceState devicestate;
 extern graphics::Screen *screen;
 
 using graphics::Emote;
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ static inline size_t utf8CharLen(uint8_t c)
 }
 
 // Remove variation selectors (FE0F) and skin tone modifiers from emoji so they match your labels
-std::string normalizeEmoji(const std::string &s)
+static std::string normalizeEmoji(const std::string &s)
 {
     std::string out;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < s.size();) {
@@ -82,6 +80,7 @@ uint32_t pauseStart = 0;
 bool waitingToReset = false;
 bool scrollStarted = false;
 static bool didReset = false;
+static constexpr int MESSAGE_BLOCK_GAP = 6;
 
 void scrollUp()
 {
@@ -111,22 +110,6 @@ void scrollDown()
 
 void drawStringWithEmotes(OLEDDisplay *display, int x, int y, const std::string &line, const Emote *emotes, int emoteCount)
 {
-    std::string renderLine;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < line.size();) {
-        uint8_t c = (uint8_t)line[i];
-        size_t len = utf8CharLen(c);
-        if (c == 0xEF && i + 2 < line.size() && (uint8_t)line[i + 1] == 0xB8 && (uint8_t)line[i + 2] == 0x8F) {
-            i += 3;
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (c == 0xF0 && i + 3 < line.size() && (uint8_t)line[i + 1] == 0x9F && (uint8_t)line[i + 2] == 0x8F &&
-            ((uint8_t)line[i + 3] >= 0xBB && (uint8_t)line[i + 3] <= 0xBF)) {
-            i += 4;
-            continue;
-        }
-        renderLine.append(line, i, len);
-        i += len;
-    }
     int cursorX = x;
     const int fontHeight = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
 
@@ -203,8 +186,7 @@ void drawStringWithEmotes(OLEDDisplay *display, int x, int y, const std::string
 
         // Render the emote (if found)
         if (matchedEmote && i == nextEmotePos) {
-            // Vertically center emote relative to font baseline (not just midline)
-            int iconY = fontY + (fontHeight - matchedEmote->height) / 2;
+            int iconY = y + (lineHeight - matchedEmote->height) / 2;
             display->drawXbm(cursorX, iconY, matchedEmote->width, matchedEmote->height, matchedEmote->bitmap);
             cursorX += matchedEmote->width + 1;
             i += emojiLen;
@@ -423,6 +405,63 @@ static inline int getRenderedLineWidth(OLEDDisplay *display, const std::string &
     return totalWidth;
 }
 
+struct MessageBlock {
+    size_t start;
+    size_t end;
+    bool mine;
+};
+
+static int getDrawnLinePixelBottom(int lineTopY, const std::string &line, bool isHeaderLine)
+{
+    if (isHeaderLine) {
+        return lineTopY + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 1);
+    }
+
+    int tallest = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
+    for (int e = 0; e < numEmotes; ++e) {
+        if (line.find(emotes[e].label) != std::string::npos) {
+            if (emotes[e].height > tallest)
+                tallest = emotes[e].height;
+        }
+    }
+
+    const int lineHeight = std::max(FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL, tallest);
+    const int iconTop = lineTopY + (lineHeight - tallest) / 2;
+
+    return iconTop + tallest - 1;
+}
+
+static std::vector<MessageBlock> buildMessageBlocks(const std::vector<bool> &isHeaderVec, const std::vector<bool> &isMineVec)
+{
+    std::vector<MessageBlock> blocks;
+    if (isHeaderVec.empty())
+        return blocks;
+
+    size_t start = 0;
+    bool mine = isMineVec[0];
+
+    for (size_t i = 1; i < isHeaderVec.size(); ++i) {
+        if (isHeaderVec[i]) {
+            MessageBlock b;
+            b.start = start;
+            b.end = i - 1;
+            b.mine = mine;
+            blocks.push_back(b);
+
+            start = i;
+            mine = isMineVec[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    MessageBlock last;
+    last.start = start;
+    last.end = isHeaderVec.size() - 1;
+    last.mine = mine;
+    blocks.push_back(last);
+
+    return blocks;
+}
+
 static void drawMessageScrollbar(OLEDDisplay *display, int visibleHeight, int totalHeight, int scrollOffset, int startY)
 {
     if (totalHeight <= visibleHeight)
@@ -482,9 +521,14 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
     constexpr int LEFT_MARGIN = 2;
     constexpr int RIGHT_MARGIN = 2;
     constexpr int SCROLLBAR_WIDTH = 3;
+    constexpr int BUBBLE_PAD_X = 3;
+    constexpr int BUBBLE_PAD_Y = 4;
+    constexpr int BUBBLE_RADIUS = 4;
+    constexpr int BUBBLE_MIN_W = 24;
+    constexpr int BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT = 2;
 
-    const int leftTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN;
-
+    // Derived widths
+    const int leftTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN - (BUBBLE_PAD_X * 2);
     const int rightTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH;
 
     // Title string depending on mode
@@ -547,7 +591,28 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
         char chanType[32] = "";
         if (currentMode == ThreadMode::ALL) {
             if (m.dest == NODENUM_BROADCAST) {
-                snprintf(chanType, sizeof(chanType), "#%s", channels.getName(m.channelIndex));
+                const char *name = channels.getName(m.channelIndex);
+                if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::Low || currentResolution == ScreenResolution::UltraLow) {
+                    if (strcmp(name, "ShortTurbo") == 0)
+                        name = "ShortT";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "ShortSlow") == 0)
+                        name = "ShortS";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "ShortFast") == 0)
+                        name = "ShortF";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "MediumSlow") == 0)
+                        name = "MedS";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "MediumFast") == 0)
+                        name = "MedF";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "LongSlow") == 0)
+                        name = "LongS";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "LongFast") == 0)
+                        name = "LongF";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "LongTurbo") == 0)
+                        name = "LongT";
+                    else if (strcmp(name, "LongMod") == 0)
+                        name = "LongM";
+                }
+                snprintf(chanType, sizeof(chanType), "#%s", name);
             } else {
                 snprintf(chanType, sizeof(chanType), "(DM)");
             }
@@ -614,8 +679,8 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
         }
 
         // Shrink Sender name if needed
-        int availWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - display->getStringWidth(timeBuf) - display->getStringWidth(chanType) -
-                         display->getStringWidth(" @...") - 10;
+        int availWidth = (mine ? rightTextWidth : leftTextWidth) - display->getStringWidth(timeBuf) -
+                         display->getStringWidth(chanType) - display->getStringWidth("   @...");
         if (availWidth < 0)
             availWidth = 0;
 
@@ -667,6 +732,8 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
     cachedLines = allLines;
     cachedHeights = calculateLineHeights(cachedLines, emotes, isHeader);
 
+    std::vector<MessageBlock> blocks = buildMessageBlocks(isHeader, isMine);
+
     // Scrolling logic (unchanged)
     int totalHeight = 0;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < cachedHeights.size(); ++i)
@@ -714,12 +781,133 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
 
     int finalScroll = (int)scrollY;
     int yOffset = -finalScroll + getTextPositions(display)[1];
+    const int contentTop = getTextPositions(display)[1];
+    const int contentBottom = scrollBottom; // already excludes nav line
+    const int rightEdge = SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN;
+    const int bubbleGapY = std::max(1, MESSAGE_BLOCK_GAP / 2);
+
+    std::vector<int> lineTop;
+    lineTop.resize(cachedLines.size());
+    {
+        int acc = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < cachedLines.size(); ++i) {
+            lineTop[i] = yOffset + acc;
+            acc += cachedHeights[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Draw bubbles
+    for (size_t bi = 0; bi < blocks.size(); ++bi) {
+        const auto &b = blocks[bi];
+        if (b.start >= cachedLines.size() || b.end >= cachedLines.size() || b.start > b.end)
+            continue;
+
+        int visualTop = lineTop[b.start];
+
+        int topY;
+        if (isHeader[b.start]) {
+            // Header start
+            constexpr int BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER = 1; // try 1 or 2
+            topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER;
+        } else {
+            // Body start
+            bool thisLineHasEmote = false;
+            for (int e = 0; e < numEmotes; ++e) {
+                if (cachedLines[b.start].find(emotes[e].label) != std::string::npos) {
+                    thisLineHasEmote = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (thisLineHasEmote) {
+                constexpr int EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE = 4;
+                visualTop -= EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE;
+            }
+            topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
+        }
+        int visualBottom = getDrawnLinePixelBottom(lineTop[b.end], cachedLines[b.end], isHeader[b.end]);
+        int bottomY = visualBottom + BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
+
+        if (bi + 1 < blocks.size()) {
+            int nextHeaderIndex = (int)blocks[bi + 1].start;
+            int nextTop = lineTop[nextHeaderIndex];
+            int maxBottom = nextTop - 1 - bubbleGapY;
+            if (bottomY > maxBottom)
+                bottomY = maxBottom;
+        }
+
+        if (bottomY <= topY + 2)
+            continue;
+
+        if (bottomY < contentTop || topY > contentBottom - 1)
+            continue;
+
+        int maxLineW = 0;
+
+        for (size_t i = b.start; i <= b.end; ++i) {
+            int w = 0;
+            if (isHeader[i]) {
+                w = display->getStringWidth(cachedLines[i].c_str());
+                if (b.mine)
+                    w += 12; // room for ACK/NACK/relay mark
+            } else {
+                w = getRenderedLineWidth(display, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
+            }
+            if (w > maxLineW)
+                maxLineW = w;
+        }
+
+        int bubbleW = std::max(BUBBLE_MIN_W, maxLineW + (BUBBLE_PAD_X * 2));
+        int bubbleH = (bottomY - topY) + 1;
+        int bubbleX = 0;
+        if (b.mine) {
+            bubbleX = rightEdge - bubbleW;
+        } else {
+            bubbleX = x;
+        }
+        if (bubbleX < x)
+            bubbleX = x;
+        if (bubbleX + bubbleW > rightEdge)
+            bubbleW = std::max(1, rightEdge - bubbleX);
+
+        if (bubbleW > 1 && bubbleH > 1) {
+            int x1 = bubbleX + bubbleW - 1;
+            int y1 = topY + bubbleH - 1;
+
+            if (b.mine) {
+                // Send Message (Right side)
+                display->drawRect(x1 + 2 - bubbleW, y1 - bubbleH, bubbleW, bubbleH);
+                // Top Right Corner
+                display->drawRect(x1, topY, 2, 1);
+                display->drawRect(x1, topY, 1, 2);
+                // Bottom Right Corner
+                display->drawRect(x1 - 1, bottomY - 2, 2, 1);
+                display->drawRect(x1, bottomY - 3, 1, 2);
+                // Knock the corners off to make a bubble
+                display->setColor(BLACK);
+                display->drawRect(x1 - bubbleW, topY - 1, 1, 1);
+                display->drawRect(x1 - bubbleW, bottomY - 1, 1, 1);
+                display->setColor(WHITE);
+            } else {
+                // Received Message (Left Side)
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX, topY, bubbleW + 1, bubbleH);
+                // Top Left Corner
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, topY + 1, 2, 1);
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, topY + 1, 1, 2);
+                // Bottom Left Corner
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, bottomY - 1, 2, 1);
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, bottomY - 2, 1, 2);
+                // Knock the corners off to make a bubble
+                display->setColor(BLACK);
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + bubbleW, topY, 1, 1);
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX + bubbleW, bottomY, 1, 1);
+                display->setColor(WHITE);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
     // Render visible lines
+    int lineY = yOffset;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < cachedLines.size(); ++i) {
-        int lineY = yOffset;
-        for (size_t j = 0; j < i; ++j)
-            lineY += cachedHeights[j];
 
         if (lineY > -cachedHeights[i] && lineY < scrollBottom) {
             if (isHeader[i]) {
@@ -728,14 +916,28 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                 int headerX;
                 if (isMine[i]) {
                     // push header left to avoid overlap with scrollbar
-                    headerX = SCREEN_WIDTH - w - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN;
+                    headerX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - w - BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
                     if (headerX < LEFT_MARGIN)
                         headerX = LEFT_MARGIN;
                 } else {
-                    headerX = x;
+                    headerX = x + BUBBLE_PAD_X + BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
                 }
                 display->drawString(headerX, lineY, cachedLines[i].c_str());
 
+                // Draw underline just under header text
+                int underlineY = lineY + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
+
+                int underlineW = w;
+                int maxW = rightEdge - headerX;
+                if (maxW < 0)
+                    maxW = 0;
+                if (underlineW > maxW)
+                    underlineW = maxW;
+
+                for (int px = 0; px < underlineW; ++px) {
+                    display->setPixel(headerX + px, underlineY);
+                }
+
                 // Draw ACK/NACK mark for our own messages
                 if (isMine[i]) {
                     int markX = headerX - 10;
@@ -753,32 +955,28 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                     // AckStatus::NONE → show nothing
                 }
 
-                // Draw underline just under header text
-                int underlineY = lineY + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
-                for (int px = 0; px < w; ++px) {
-                    display->setPixel(headerX + px, underlineY);
-                }
             } else {
                 // Render message line
                 if (isMine[i]) {
                     // Calculate actual rendered width including emotes
                     int renderedWidth = getRenderedLineWidth(display, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
-                    int rightX = SCREEN_WIDTH - renderedWidth - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN;
+                    int rightX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - renderedWidth - BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
                     if (rightX < LEFT_MARGIN)
                         rightX = LEFT_MARGIN;
 
                     drawStringWithEmotes(display, rightX, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
                 } else {
-                    drawStringWithEmotes(display, x, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
+                    drawStringWithEmotes(display, x + BUBBLE_PAD_X + BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes,
+                                         numEmotes);
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        lineY += cachedHeights[i];
     }
-    int totalContentHeight = totalHeight;
-    int visibleHeight = usableHeight;
 
     // Draw scrollbar
-    drawMessageScrollbar(display, visibleHeight, totalContentHeight, finalScroll, getTextPositions(display)[1]);
+    drawMessageScrollbar(display, usableHeight, totalHeight, finalScroll, getTextPositions(display)[1]);
     graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titleStr);
     graphics::drawCommonFooter(display, x, y);
 }
@@ -841,7 +1039,6 @@ std::vector<int> calculateLineHeights(const std::vector<std::string> &lines, con
     constexpr int HEADER_UNDERLINE_GAP = 0; // space between underline and first body line
     constexpr int HEADER_UNDERLINE_PIX = 1; // underline thickness (1px row drawn)
     constexpr int BODY_LINE_LEADING = -4;   // default vertical leading for normal body lines
-    constexpr int MESSAGE_BLOCK_GAP = 4;    // gap after a message block before a new header
     constexpr int EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE = 4;  // space above emote line (added to line above)
     constexpr int EMOTE_PADDING_BELOW = 3;  // space below emote line (added to emote line)
 
@@ -851,6 +1048,7 @@ std::vector<int> calculateLineHeights(const std::vector<std::string> &lines, con
     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < lines.size(); ++idx) {
         const auto &line = lines[idx];
         const int baseHeight = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
+        int lineHeight = baseHeight;
 
         // Detect if THIS line or NEXT line contains an emote
         bool hasEmote = false;
@@ -872,8 +1070,6 @@ std::vector<int> calculateLineHeights(const std::vector<std::string> &lines, con
             }
         }
 
-        int lineHeight = baseHeight;
-
         if (isHeaderVec[idx]) {
             // Header line spacing
             lineHeight = baseHeight + HEADER_UNDERLINE_PIX + HEADER_UNDERLINE_GAP;
@@ -922,7 +1118,7 @@ void handleNewMessage(OLEDDisplay *display, const StoredMessage &sm, const mesht
 
         // Banner logic
         const meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node = nodeDB->getMeshNode(packet.from);
-        char longName[48] = "???";
+        char longName[48] = "?";
         if (node && node->user.long_name) {
             strncpy(longName, node->user.long_name, sizeof(longName) - 1);
             longName[sizeof(longName) - 1] = '\0';

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applet.cpp

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ InkHUD::Tile *InkHUD::Applet::getTile()
 }
 
 // Draw the applet
-void InkHUD::Applet::render()
+void InkHUD::Applet::render(bool full)
 {
     assert(assignedTile);                              // Ensure that we have a tile
     assert(assignedTile->getAssignedApplet() == this); // Ensure that we have a reciprocal link with the tile
@@ -65,10 +65,11 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::render()
     wantRender = false;                                       // Flag set by requestUpdate
     wantAutoshow = false;                                     // Flag set by requestAutoShow. May or may not have been honored.
     wantUpdateType = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED; // Update type we wanted. May on may not have been granted.
+    wantFullRender = true;                                    // Default to a full render
 
     updateDimensions();
     resetDrawingSpace();
-    onRender(); // Derived applet's drawing takes place here
+    onRender(full); // Draw the applet
 
     // Handle "Tile Highlighting"
     // Some devices may use an auxiliary button to switch between tiles
@@ -115,6 +116,11 @@ Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes InkHUD::Applet::wantsUpdateType()
     return wantUpdateType;
 }
 
+bool InkHUD::Applet::wantsFullRender()
+{
+    return wantFullRender;
+}
+
 // Get size of the applet's drawing space from its tile
 // Performed immediately before derived applet's drawing code runs
 void InkHUD::Applet::updateDimensions()
@@ -142,10 +148,11 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::resetDrawingSpace()
 // Once the renderer has given other applets a chance to process whatever event we just detected,
 // it will run Applet::render(), which may draw our applet to screen, if it is shown (foreground)
 // We should requestUpdate even if our applet is currently background, because this might be changed by autoshow
-void InkHUD::Applet::requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type)
+void InkHUD::Applet::requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool full)
 {
     wantRender = true;
     wantUpdateType = type;
+    wantFullRender = full;
     inkhud->requestUpdate();
 }
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applet.h

@@ -64,10 +64,11 @@ class Applet : public GFX
 
     // Rendering
 
-    void render();                                // Draw the applet
+    void render(bool full);                       // Draw the applet
     bool wantsToRender();                         // Check whether applet wants to render
     bool wantsToAutoshow();                       // Check whether applet wants to become foreground
     Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes wantsUpdateType(); // Check which display update type the applet would prefer
+    bool wantsFullRender();                       // Check whether applet wants to render over its previous render
     void updateDimensions();                      // Get current size from tile
     void resetDrawingSpace();                     // Makes sure every render starts with same parameters
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ class Applet : public GFX
 
     // Event handlers
 
-    virtual void onRender() = 0; // All drawing happens here
+    virtual void onRender(bool full) = 0; // For drawing the applet
     virtual void onActivate() {}
     virtual void onDeactivate() {}
     virtual void onForeground() {}
@@ -96,6 +97,9 @@ class Applet : public GFX
     virtual void onNavDown() {}
     virtual void onNavLeft() {}
     virtual void onNavRight() {}
+    virtual void onFreeText(char c) {}
+    virtual void onFreeTextDone() {}
+    virtual void onFreeTextCancel() {}
 
     virtual bool approveNotification(Notification &n); // Allow an applet to veto a notification
 
@@ -108,8 +112,9 @@ class Applet : public GFX
   protected:
     void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) override; // Place a single pixel. All drawing output passes through here
 
-    void requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type = EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED); // Ask WindowManager to schedule a display update
-    void requestAutoshow();                                                      // Ask for applet to be moved to foreground
+    void requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type = EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED,
+                       bool full = true); // Ask WindowManager to schedule a display update
+    void requestAutoshow();               // Ask for applet to be moved to foreground
 
     uint16_t X(float f);                                                      // Map applet width, mapped from 0 to 1.0
     uint16_t Y(float f);                                                      // Map applet height, mapped from 0 to 1.0
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@ class Applet : public GFX
     bool wantAutoshow = false; // Does the applet have new data it would like to display in foreground?
     NicheGraphics::Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes wantUpdateType =
         NicheGraphics::Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED; // Which update method we'd prefer when redrawing the display
+    bool wantFullRender = true;                                 // Render with a fresh canvas
 
     using GFX::setFont;     // Make sure derived classes use AppletFont instead of AdafruitGFX fonts directly
     using GFX::setRotation; // Block setRotation calls. Rotation is handled globally by WindowManager.

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/Map/MapApplet.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
-void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Abort if no markers to render
     if (!enoughMarkers()) {

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/Map/MapApplet.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 class MapApplet : public Applet
 {
   public:
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
   protected:
     virtual bool shouldDrawNode(meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node) { return true; } // Allow derived applets to filter the nodes

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/NodeList/NodeListApplet.cpp

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ uint8_t InkHUD::NodeListApplet::maxCards()
 }
 
 // Draw, using info which derived applet placed into NodeListApplet::cards for us
-void InkHUD::NodeListApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NodeListApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
 
     // ================================

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/NodeList/NodeListApplet.h

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class NodeListApplet : public Applet, public MeshModule
   public:
     NodeListApplet(const char *name);
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     bool wantPacket(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p) override;
     ProcessMessage handleReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp) override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/BasicExample/BasicExampleApplet.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
 // All drawing happens here
 // Our basic example doesn't do anything useful. It just passively prints some text.
-void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     printAt(0, 0, "Hello, World!");
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/BasicExample/BasicExampleApplet.h

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class BasicExampleApplet : public Applet
     // You must have an onRender() method
     // All drawing happens here
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 };
 
 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/NewMsgExample/NewMsgExampleApplet.cpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ ProcessMessage InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::handleReceived(const meshtastic_Mesh
 // We can trigger a render by calling requestUpdate()
 // Render might be called by some external source
 // We should always be ready to draw
-void InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     printAt(0, 0, "Example: NewMsg", LEFT, TOP); // Print top-left corner of text at (0,0)
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/NewMsgExample/NewMsgExampleApplet.h

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class NewMsgExampleApplet : public Applet, public SinglePortModule
     NewMsgExampleApplet() : SinglePortModule("NewMsgExampleApplet", meshtastic_PortNum_TEXT_MESSAGE_APP) {}
 
     // All drawing happens here
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     // Your applet might also want to use some of these
     // Useful for setting up or tidying up

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.cpp

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::AlignStickApplet()
         bringToForeground();
 }
 
-void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     setFont(fontMedium);
     printAt(0, 0, "Align Joystick:");
@@ -152,19 +152,17 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onExitLong()
 {
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavUp()
@@ -172,7 +170,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavUp()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavDown()
@@ -181,7 +178,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavDown()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavLeft()
@@ -190,7 +186,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavLeft()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavRight()
@@ -199,7 +194,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavRight()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 #endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class AlignStickApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     AlignStickApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onButtonLongPress() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
 InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::BatteryIconApplet()
 {
+    alwaysRender = true; // render everytime the screen is updated
+
     // Show at boot, if user has previously enabled the feature
     if (settings->optionalFeatures.batteryIcon)
         bringToForeground();
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ int InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onPowerStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *sta
     return 0; // Tell Observable to continue informing other observers
 }
 
-void InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Fill entire tile
     // - size of icon controlled by size of tile

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class BatteryIconApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     BatteryIconApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     int onPowerStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *status); // Called when new info about battery is available
 
   private:

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+#include "./KeyboardApplet.h"
+
+using namespace NicheGraphics;
+
+InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::KeyboardApplet()
+{
+    // Calculate row widths
+    for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+        rowWidths[row] = 0;
+        for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++)
+            rowWidths[row] += keyWidths[row * KBD_COLS + col];
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onRender(bool full)
+{
+    uint16_t em = fontSmall.lineHeight(); // 16 pt
+    uint16_t keyH = Y(1.0) / KBD_ROWS;
+    int16_t keyTopPadding = (keyH - fontSmall.lineHeight()) / 2;
+
+    if (full) { // Draw full keyboard
+        for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+
+            // Calculate the remaining space to be used as padding
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+
+            // Draw keys
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++) {
+                Color fgcolor = BLACK;
+                uint8_t index = row * KBD_COLS + col;
+                uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + ((col * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+                uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+                uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[index] * em) >> 4;
+                if (index == selectedKey) {
+                    fgcolor = WHITE;
+                    fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+                }
+                drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[index], fgcolor);
+                xPos += keyWidths[index];
+            }
+        }
+    } else { // Only draw the difference
+        if (selectedKey != prevSelectedKey) {
+            // Draw previously selected key
+            uint8_t row = prevSelectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = prevSelectedKey - (prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < prevSelectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+            uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[prevSelectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, WHITE);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[prevSelectedKey], BLACK);
+
+            // Draw newly selected key
+            row = selectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = selectedKey - (selectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < selectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((selectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            keyY = row * keyH;
+            keyW = (keyWidths[selectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[selectedKey], WHITE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    prevSelectedKey = selectedKey;
+}
+
+// Draw the key label corresponding to the char
+// for most keys it draws the character itself
+// for ['\b', '\n', ' ', '\x1b'] it draws special glyphs
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color)
+{
+    if (key == '\b') {
+        // Draw backspace glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         *       [][]              []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         * [][]            []      []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *       [][]              []
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         */
+        const uint8_t bsBitmap[] = {0x0f, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x08, 0x32, 0x28, 0x61, 0x48, 0xc0,
+                                    0x88, 0x61, 0x48, 0x32, 0x28, 0x18, 0x08, 0x0f, 0xf8};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, bsBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\n') {
+        // Draw done glyph: 12 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *                     [][]
+         *                   [][]
+         *                 [][]
+         *               [][]
+         *             [][]
+         * [][]      [][]
+         *   [][]  [][]
+         *     [][][]
+         *       []
+         */
+        const uint8_t doneBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03,
+                                      0x00, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 12) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, doneBitmap, 12, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == ' ') {
+        // Draw space glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         * []                      []
+         * []                      []
+         * [][][][][][][][][][][][][]
+         *
+         *
+         */
+        const uint8_t spaceBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
+                                       0x08, 0x80, 0x08, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, spaceBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        std::string keyText = "ESC";
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
+    } else {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        std::string keyText = std::string(1, key);
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onForeground()
+{
+    handleInput = true; // Intercept the button input for our applet
+
+    // Select the first key
+    selectedKey = 0;
+    prevSelectedKey = 0;
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onBackground()
+{
+    handleInput = false;
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonShortPress()
+{
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonLongPress()
+{
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitShort()
+{
+    inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+    inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitLong()
+{
+    inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+    inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavUp()
+{
+    if (selectedKey < KBD_COLS) // wrap
+        selectedKey += KBD_COLS * (KBD_ROWS - 1);
+    else // move 1 row back
+        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavDown()
+{
+    selectedKey += KBD_COLS;
+    selectedKey %= (KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS);
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavLeft()
+{
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == 0) // wrap
+        selectedKey += KBD_COLS - 1;
+    else // move 1 column back
+        selectedKey--;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavRight()
+{
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == KBD_COLS - 1) // wrap
+        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS - 1;
+    else // move 1 column forward
+        selectedKey++;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+uint16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight()
+{
+    const uint16_t keyH = fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
+    return keyH * KBD_ROWS;
+}
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.h

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+
+/*
+
+System Applet to render an on-screeen keyboard
+
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "configuration.h"
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h"
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
+#include <string>
+namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+{
+
+class KeyboardApplet : public SystemApplet
+{
+  public:
+    KeyboardApplet();
+
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
+    void onForeground() override;
+    void onBackground() override;
+    void onButtonShortPress() override;
+    void onButtonLongPress() override;
+    void onExitShort() override;
+    void onExitLong() override;
+    void onNavUp() override;
+    void onNavDown() override;
+    void onNavLeft() override;
+    void onNavRight() override;
+
+    static uint16_t getKeyboardHeight(); // used to set the keyboard tile height
+
+  private:
+    void drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color);
+
+    static const uint8_t KBD_COLS = 11;
+    static const uint8_t KBD_ROWS = 4;
+
+    const char keys[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '\b',  // row 0
+        'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '\n',  // row 1
+        'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', '!', ' ',   // row 2
+        'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '?', '\x1b' // row 3
+    };
+
+    // This array represents the widths of each key in points
+    // 16 pt = line height of the text
+    const uint16_t keyWidths[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 0
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 1
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 2
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 10, 10, 12, 40  // row 3
+    };
+
+    uint16_t rowWidths[KBD_ROWS];
+    uint8_t selectedKey = 0; // selected key index
+    uint8_t prevSelectedKey = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ InkHUD::LogoApplet::LogoApplet() : concurrency::OSThread("LogoApplet")
     // This is then drawn with a FULL refresh by Renderer::begin
 }
 
-void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Size  of the region which the logo should "scale to fit"
     uint16_t logoWLimit = X(0.8);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 // Begin displaying the screen which is shown at shutdown
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onShutdown()
     // Intention is to restore display health.
 
     inverted = true;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     delay(1000); // Cooldown. Back to back updates aren't great for health.
     inverted = false;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     delay(1000); // Cooldown
 
     // Prepare for the powered-off screen now
@@ -155,6 +155,18 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onShutdown()
     // This is then drawn by InkHUD::Events::onShutdown, with a blocking FULL update, after InkHUD's flash write is complete
 }
 
+void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onApplyingChanges()
+{
+    bringToForeground();
+
+    textLeft = "";
+    textRight = "";
+    textTitle = "Applying changes";
+    fontTitle = fontSmall;
+
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FAST, false);
+}
+
 void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onReboot()
 {
     bringToForeground();
@@ -164,7 +176,7 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onReboot()
     textTitle = "Rebooting...";
     fontTitle = fontSmall;
 
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     // Perform the update right now, waiting here until complete
 }
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.h

@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@ class LogoApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
 {
   public:
     LogoApplet();
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onShutdown() override;
     void onReboot() override;
+    void onApplyingChanges();
 
   protected:
     int32_t runOnce() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuAction.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 enum MenuAction {
     NO_ACTION,
     SEND_PING,
+    FREE_TEXT,
     STORE_CANNEDMESSAGE_SELECTION,
     SEND_CANNEDMESSAGE,
     SHUTDOWN,
@@ -36,6 +37,84 @@ enum MenuAction {
     TOGGLE_NOTIFICATIONS,
     TOGGLE_INVERT_COLOR,
     TOGGLE_12H_CLOCK,
+    // Regions
+    SET_REGION_US,
+    SET_REGION_EU_868,
+    SET_REGION_EU_433,
+    SET_REGION_CN,
+    SET_REGION_JP,
+    SET_REGION_ANZ,
+    SET_REGION_KR,
+    SET_REGION_TW,
+    SET_REGION_RU,
+    SET_REGION_IN,
+    SET_REGION_NZ_865,
+    SET_REGION_TH,
+    SET_REGION_LORA_24,
+    SET_REGION_UA_433,
+    SET_REGION_UA_868,
+    SET_REGION_MY_433,
+    SET_REGION_MY_919,
+    SET_REGION_SG_923,
+    SET_REGION_PH_433,
+    SET_REGION_PH_868,
+    SET_REGION_PH_915,
+    SET_REGION_ANZ_433,
+    SET_REGION_KZ_433,
+    SET_REGION_KZ_863,
+    SET_REGION_NP_865,
+    SET_REGION_BR_902,
+    // Device Roles
+    SET_ROLE_CLIENT,
+    SET_ROLE_CLIENT_MUTE,
+    SET_ROLE_ROUTER,
+    SET_ROLE_REPEATER,
+    // Presets
+    SET_PRESET_LONG_SLOW,
+    SET_PRESET_LONG_MODERATE,
+    SET_PRESET_LONG_FAST,
+    SET_PRESET_MEDIUM_SLOW,
+    SET_PRESET_MEDIUM_FAST,
+    SET_PRESET_SHORT_SLOW,
+    SET_PRESET_SHORT_FAST,
+    SET_PRESET_SHORT_TURBO,
+    // Timezones
+    SET_TZ_US_HAWAII,
+    SET_TZ_US_ALASKA,
+    SET_TZ_US_PACIFIC,
+    SET_TZ_US_ARIZONA,
+    SET_TZ_US_MOUNTAIN,
+    SET_TZ_US_CENTRAL,
+    SET_TZ_US_EASTERN,
+    SET_TZ_BR_BRAZILIA,
+    SET_TZ_UTC,
+    SET_TZ_EU_WESTERN,
+    SET_TZ_EU_CENTRAL,
+    SET_TZ_EU_EASTERN,
+    SET_TZ_ASIA_KOLKATA,
+    SET_TZ_ASIA_HONG_KONG,
+    SET_TZ_AU_AWST,
+    SET_TZ_AU_ACST,
+    SET_TZ_AU_AEST,
+    SET_TZ_PACIFIC_NZ,
+    // Power
+    TOGGLE_POWER_SAVE,
+    CALIBRATE_ADC,
+    // Bluetooth
+    TOGGLE_BLUETOOTH,
+    TOGGLE_BLUETOOTH_PAIR_MODE,
+    // Channel
+    TOGGLE_CHANNEL_UPLINK,
+    TOGGLE_CHANNEL_DOWNLINK,
+    TOGGLE_CHANNEL_POSITION,
+    SET_CHANNEL_PRECISION,
+    // Display
+    TOGGLE_DISPLAY_UNITS,
+    // Network
+    TOGGLE_WIFI,
+    // Administration
+    RESET_NODEDB_ALL,
+    RESET_NODEDB_KEEP_FAVORITES,
 };
 
 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuApplet.h

@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
     void onNavDown() override;
     void onNavLeft() override;
     void onNavRight() override;
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onFreeText(char c) override;
+    void onFreeTextDone() override;
+    void onFreeTextCancel() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     void show(Tile *t); // Open the menu, onto a user tile
+    void setStartPage(MenuPage page);
 
   protected:
     Drivers::LatchingBacklight *backlight = nullptr; // Convenient access to the backlight singleton
@@ -50,20 +54,32 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
     void populateAutoshowPage();  // Dynamically create MenuItems for selecting which applets can autoshow
     void populateRecentsPage();   // Create menu items: a choice of values for settings.recentlyActiveSeconds
 
+    void drawInputField(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height,
+                        std::string text); // Draw input field for free text
     uint16_t getSystemInfoPanelHeight();
     void drawSystemInfoPanel(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width,
                              uint16_t *height = nullptr);                   // Info panel at top of root menu
     void sendText(NodeNum dest, ChannelIndex channel, const char *message); // Send a text message to mesh
     void freeCannedMessageResources();                                      // Clear MenuApplet's canned message processing data
 
+    MenuPage startPageOverride = MenuPage::ROOT;
     MenuPage currentPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
     MenuPage previousPage = MenuPage::EXIT;
     uint8_t cursor = 0;       // Which menu item is currently highlighted
     bool cursorShown = false; // Is *any* item highlighted? (Root menu: no initial selection)
-
+    bool freeTextMode = false;
     uint16_t systemInfoPanelHeight = 0; // Need to know before we render
+    uint16_t menuTextLimit = 200;
 
-    std::vector<MenuItem> items; // MenuItems for the current page. Filled by ShowPage
+    std::vector<MenuItem> items;               // MenuItems for the current page. Filled by ShowPage
+    std::vector<std::string> nodeConfigLabels; // Persistent labels for Node Config pages
+    uint8_t selectedChannelIndex = 0;          // Currently selected LoRa channel (Node Config → Radio → Channel)
+    bool channelPositionEnabled = false;
+    bool gpsEnabled = false;
+
+    // Recents menu checkbox state (derived from settings.recentlyActiveSeconds)
+    static constexpr uint8_t RECENTS_COUNT = 6;
+    bool recentsSelected[RECENTS_COUNT] = {};
 
     // Data for selecting and sending canned messages via the menu
     // Placed into a sub-class for organization only
@@ -94,6 +110,8 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
         // Cleared onBackground (when MenuApplet closes)
         std::vector<MessageItem> messageItems;
         std::vector<RecipientItem> recipientItems;
+
+        MessageItem freeTextItem;
     } cm;
 
     Applet *borrowedTileOwner = nullptr; // Which applet we have temporarily replaced while displaying menu

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuItem.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class MenuItem
     MenuAction action = NO_ACTION;
     MenuPage nextPage = EXIT;
     bool *checkState = nullptr;
+    bool isHeader = false; // Non-selectable section label
 
     // Various constructors, depending on the intended function of the item
 
@@ -40,6 +41,12 @@ class MenuItem
         : label(label), action(action), nextPage(nextPage), checkState(checkState)
     {
     }
+    static MenuItem Header(const char *label)
+    {
+        MenuItem item(label, NO_ACTION, EXIT);
+        item.isHeader = true;
+        return item;
+    }
 };
 
 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuPage.h

@@ -20,10 +20,27 @@ enum MenuPage : uint8_t {
     SEND,
     CANNEDMESSAGE_RECIPIENT, // Select destination for a canned message
     OPTIONS,
+    NODE_CONFIG,
+    NODE_CONFIG_LORA,
+    NODE_CONFIG_CHANNELS,       // List of channels
+    NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_DETAIL, // Per-channel options
+    NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_PRECISION,
+    NODE_CONFIG_PRESET,
+    NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE,
+    NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE_ROLE,
+    NODE_CONFIG_POWER,
+    NODE_CONFIG_POWER_ADC_CAL,
+    NODE_CONFIG_NETWORK,
+    NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY,
+    NODE_CONFIG_BLUETOOTH,
+    NODE_CONFIG_POSITION,
+    NODE_CONFIG_ADMIN_RESET,
+    TIMEZONE,
     APPLETS,
     AUTOSHOW,
     RECENTS, // Select length of "recentlyActiveSeconds"
-    EXIT,    // Dismiss the menu applet
+    REGION,
+    EXIT, // Dismiss the menu applet
 };
 
 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ int InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onReceiveTextMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket
     return 0;
 }
 
-void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Clear the region beneath the tile
     // Most applets are drawing onto an empty frame buffer and don't need to do this
@@ -139,54 +139,47 @@ void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onForeground()
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onBackground()
 {
     handleInput = false;
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onExitShort()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onExitLong()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavUp()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavDown()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavLeft()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavRight()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 // Ask the WindowManager to check whether any displayed applets are already displaying the info from this notification

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.h

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class NotificationApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     NotificationApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onButtonShortPress() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Pairing/PairingApplet.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ InkHUD::PairingApplet::PairingApplet()
     bluetoothStatusObserver.observe(&bluetoothStatus->onNewStatus);
 }
 
-void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Header
     setFont(fontMedium);
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 int InkHUD::PairingApplet::onBluetoothStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *status)

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Pairing/PairingApplet.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class PairingApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     PairingApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Placeholder/PlaceholderApplet.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
-void InkHUD::PlaceholderApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::PlaceholderApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // This placeholder applet fills its area with sparse diagonal lines
     hatchRegion(0, 0, width(), height(), 8, BLACK);

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Placeholder/PlaceholderApplet.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 class PlaceholderApplet : public SystemApplet
 {
   public:
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     // Note: onForeground, onBackground, and wantsToRender are not meaningful for this applet.
     // The window manager decides when and where it should be rendered

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Tips/TipsApplet.cpp

@@ -10,39 +10,42 @@ using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
 InkHUD::TipsApplet::TipsApplet()
 {
-    // Decide which tips (if any) should be shown to user after the boot screen
+    bool needsRegion = (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET);
+
+    bool showTutorialTips = (settings->tips.firstBoot || needsRegion);
 
     // Welcome screen
-    if (settings->tips.firstBoot)
+    if (showTutorialTips)
         tipQueue.push_back(Tip::WELCOME);
 
-    // Antenna, region, timezone
-    // Shown at boot if region not yet set
-    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET)
+    // Finish setup
+    if (needsRegion)
         tipQueue.push_back(Tip::FINISH_SETUP);
 
+    // Using the UI
+    if (showTutorialTips) {
+        tipQueue.push_back(Tip::CUSTOMIZATION);
+        tipQueue.push_back(Tip::BUTTONS);
+    }
+
     // Shutdown info
     // Shown until user performs one valid shutdown
     if (!settings->tips.safeShutdownSeen)
         tipQueue.push_back(Tip::SAFE_SHUTDOWN);
 
-    // Using the UI
-    if (settings->tips.firstBoot) {
-        tipQueue.push_back(Tip::CUSTOMIZATION);
-        tipQueue.push_back(Tip::BUTTONS);
-    }
-
     // Catch an incorrect attempt at rotating display
     if (config.display.flip_screen)
         tipQueue.push_back(Tip::ROTATION);
 
-    // Applet is foreground immediately at boot, but is obscured by LogoApplet, which is also foreground
-    // LogoApplet can be considered to have a higher Z-index, because it is placed before TipsApplet in the systemApplets vector
+    // Region picker
+    if (needsRegion)
+        tipQueue.push_back(Tip::PICK_REGION);
+
     if (!tipQueue.empty())
         bringToForeground();
 }
 
-void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     switch (tipQueue.front()) {
     case Tip::WELCOME:
@@ -51,81 +54,109 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender()
 
     case Tip::FINISH_SETUP: {
         setFont(fontMedium);
-        printAt(0, 0, "Tip: Finish Setup");
+        const char *title = "Tip: Finish Setup";
+        uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
+        printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
 
         setFont(fontSmall);
-        int16_t cursorY = fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5;
-        printAt(0, cursorY, "- connect antenna");
+        int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
 
-        cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-        printAt(0, cursorY, "- connect a client app");
+        auto drawBullet = [&](const char *text) {
+            uint16_t bh = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), text);
+            printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), text);
+            cursorY += bh + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 3);
+        };
 
-        // Only if region not set
-        if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET) {
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- set region");
-        }
+        drawBullet("- connect antenna");
+        drawBullet("- connect a client app");
 
-        // Only if tz not set
-        if (!(*config.device.tzdef && config.device.tzdef[0] != 0)) {
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- set timezone");
-        }
+        if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET)
+            drawBullet("- set region");
 
-        cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.5;
-        printAt(0, cursorY, "More info at meshtastic.org");
+        if (!(*config.device.tzdef && config.device.tzdef[0] != 0))
+            drawBullet("- set timezone");
+
+        cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2;
+        drawBullet("More info at meshtastic.org");
 
-        setFont(fontSmall);
         printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
     } break;
 
+    case Tip::PICK_REGION: {
+        setFont(fontMedium);
+        printAt(0, 0, "Set Region");
+
+        setFont(fontSmall);
+        printWrapped(0, fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5, width(), "Please select your LoRa region to complete setup.");
+
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to choose", LEFT, BOTTOM);
+    } break;
+
     case Tip::SAFE_SHUTDOWN: {
         setFont(fontMedium);
-        printAt(0, 0, "Tip: Shutdown");
+
+        const char *title = "Tip: Shutdown";
+        uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
+        printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
 
         setFont(fontSmall);
-        std::string shutdown;
-        shutdown += "Before removing power, please shut down from InkHUD menu, or a client app. \n";
-        shutdown += "\n";
-        shutdown += "This ensures data is saved.";
-        printWrapped(0, fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5, width(), shutdown);
+        int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
+
+        const char *body = "Before removing power, please shut down from InkHUD menu, or a client app.\n\n"
+                           "This ensures data is saved.";
+
+        uint16_t bodyH = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), body);
+        printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), body);
+        cursorY += bodyH + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2);
 
         printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
-
     } break;
 
     case Tip::CUSTOMIZATION: {
         setFont(fontMedium);
-        printAt(0, 0, "Tip: Customization");
+
+        const char *title = "Tip: Customization";
+        uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
+        printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
 
         setFont(fontSmall);
-        printWrapped(0, fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5, width(),
-                     "Configure & control display with the InkHUD menu. Optional features, layout, rotation, and more.");
+        int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
+
+        const char *body = "Configure & control display with the InkHUD menu. "
+                           "Optional features, layout, rotation, and more.";
+
+        uint16_t bodyH = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), body);
+        printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), body);
+        cursorY += bodyH + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2);
 
         printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
     } break;
 
     case Tip::BUTTONS: {
         setFont(fontMedium);
-        printAt(0, 0, "Tip: Buttons");
+
+        const char *title = "Tip: Buttons";
+        uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
+        printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
 
         setFont(fontSmall);
-        int16_t cursorY = fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5;
+        int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
+
+        auto drawBullet = [&](const char *text) {
+            uint16_t bh = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), text);
+            printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), text);
+            cursorY += bh + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 3);
+        };
 
         if (!settings->joystick.enabled) {
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "User Button");
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- short press: next");
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- long press: select / open menu");
+            drawBullet("User Button");
+            drawBullet("- short press: next");
+            drawBullet("- long press: select or open menu");
         } else {
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "Joystick");
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- open menu / select");
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.5;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "Exit Button");
-            cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
-            printAt(0, cursorY, "- switch tile / close menu");
+            drawBullet("Joystick");
+            drawBullet("- press: open menu or select");
+            drawBullet("Exit Button");
+            drawBullet("- press: switch tile or close menu");
         }
 
         printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
@@ -133,12 +164,21 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender()
 
     case Tip::ROTATION: {
         setFont(fontMedium);
-        printAt(0, 0, "Tip: Rotation");
+
+        const char *title = "Tip: Rotation";
+        uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
+        printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
 
         setFont(fontSmall);
         if (!settings->joystick.enabled) {
-            printWrapped(0, fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5, width(),
-                         "To rotate the display, use the InkHUD menu. Long-press the user button > Options > Rotate.");
+            int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
+
+            const char *body = "To rotate the display, use the InkHUD menu. "
+                               "Long-press the user button > Options > Rotate.";
+
+            uint16_t bh = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), body);
+            printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), body);
+            cursorY += bh + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2);
         } else {
             printWrapped(0, fontMedium.lineHeight() * 1.5, width(),
                          "To rotate the display, use the InkHUD menu. Press the user button > Options > Rotate.");
@@ -159,12 +199,15 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderWelcome()
 {
     uint16_t padW = X(0.05);
 
+    // Detect portrait orientation
+    bool portrait = height() > width();
+
     // Block 1 - logo & title
     // ========================
 
     // Logo size
-    uint16_t logoWLimit = X(0.3);
-    uint16_t logoHLimit = Y(0.3);
+    uint16_t logoWLimit = portrait ? X(0.5) : X(0.3);
+    uint16_t logoHLimit = portrait ? Y(0.25) : Y(0.3);
     uint16_t logoW = getLogoWidth(logoWLimit, logoHLimit);
     uint16_t logoH = getLogoHeight(logoWLimit, logoHLimit);
 
@@ -177,7 +220,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderWelcome()
 
     // Center the block
     // Desired effect: equal margin from display edge for logo left and title right
-    int16_t block1Y = Y(0.3);
+    int16_t block1Y = portrait ? Y(0.2) : Y(0.3);
     int16_t block1CX = X(0.5) + (logoW / 2) - (titleW / 2);
     int16_t logoCX = block1CX - (logoW / 2) - (padW / 2);
     int16_t titleCX = block1CX + (titleW / 2) + (padW / 2);
@@ -192,7 +235,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderWelcome()
     std::string subtitle = "InkHUD";
     if (width() >= 200)
         subtitle += "  -  A Heads-Up Display"; // Future proofing: narrower for tiny display
-    printAt(X(0.5), Y(0.6), subtitle, CENTER, MIDDLE);
+    printAt(X(0.5), portrait ? Y(0.45) : Y(0.6), subtitle, CENTER, MIDDLE);
 
     // Block 3 - press to continue
     // ============================
@@ -218,32 +261,42 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 // While our SystemApplet::handleInput flag is true
 void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
+    bool needsRegion = (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET);
+    // If we're prompting the user to pick a region, hand off to the menu
+    if (!tipQueue.empty() && tipQueue.front() == Tip::PICK_REGION) {
+        tipQueue.pop_front();
+
+        // Signal InkHUD to open the menu on Region page
+        inkhud->forceRegionMenu = true;
+
+        // Close tips and open menu
+        sendToBackground();
+        inkhud->openMenu();
+        return;
+    }
+    // Consume current tip
     tipQueue.pop_front();
 
     // All tips done
     if (tipQueue.empty()) {
         // Record that user has now seen the "tutorial" set of tips
         // Don't show them on subsequent boots
-        if (settings->tips.firstBoot) {
+        if (settings->tips.firstBoot && !needsRegion) {
             settings->tips.firstBoot = false;
             inkhud->persistence->saveSettings();
         }
 
-        // Close applet, and full refresh to clean the screen
-        // Need to force update, because our request would be ignored otherwise, as we are now background
+        // Close applet
         sendToBackground();
-        inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
-    }
-
-    // More tips left
-    else
+    } else {
         requestUpdate();
+    }
 }
 
 // Functions the same as the user button in this instance
@@ -252,4 +305,4 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onExitShort()
     onButtonShortPress();
 }
 
-#endif
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Tips/TipsApplet.h

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class TipsApplet : public SystemApplet
     enum class Tip {
         WELCOME,
         FINISH_SETUP,
+        PICK_REGION,
         SAFE_SHUTDOWN,
         CUSTOMIZATION,
         BUTTONS,
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ class TipsApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     TipsApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onButtonShortPress() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/AllMessage/AllMessageApplet.cpp

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ int InkHUD::AllMessageApplet::onReceiveTextMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *
     return 0;
 }
 
-void InkHUD::AllMessageApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::AllMessageApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Find newest message, regardless of whether DM or broadcast
     MessageStore::Message *message;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/AllMessage/AllMessageApplet.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Applet;
 class AllMessageApplet : public Applet
 {
   public:
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     void onActivate() override;
     void onDeactivate() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/DM/DMApplet.cpp

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ int InkHUD::DMApplet::onReceiveTextMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
     return 0;
 }
 
-void InkHUD::DMApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::DMApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Abort if no text message
     if (!latestMessage->dm.sender) {

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/DM/DMApplet.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Applet;
 class DMApplet : public Applet
 {
   public:
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     void onActivate() override;
     void onDeactivate() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/Positions/PositionsApplet.cpp

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
 using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
-void InkHUD::PositionsApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::PositionsApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Draw the usual map applet first
-    MapApplet::onRender();
+    MapApplet::onRender(full);
 
     // Draw our latest "node of interest" as a special marker
     // -------------------------------------------------------

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/Positions/PositionsApplet.h

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class PositionsApplet : public MapApplet, public SinglePortModule
 {
   public:
     PositionsApplet() : SinglePortModule("PositionsApplet", meshtastic_PortNum_POSITION_APP) {}
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
   protected:
     ProcessMessage handleReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp) override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/ThreadedMessage/ThreadedMessageApplet.cpp

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ InkHUD::ThreadedMessageApplet::ThreadedMessageApplet(uint8_t channelIndex)
     store = new MessageStore("ch" + to_string(channelIndex));
 }
 
-void InkHUD::ThreadedMessageApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::ThreadedMessageApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // =============
     // Draw a header

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/User/ThreadedMessage/ThreadedMessageApplet.h

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class ThreadedMessageApplet : public Applet, public SinglePortModule
     explicit ThreadedMessageApplet(uint8_t channelIndex);
     ThreadedMessageApplet() = delete;
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     void onActivate() override;
     void onDeactivate() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Events.cpp

@@ -238,6 +238,39 @@ void InkHUD::Events::onNavRight()
     }
 }
 
+void InkHUD::Events::onFreeText(char c)
+{
+    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle the new character
+    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
+            sa->onFreeText(c);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::Events::onFreeTextDone()
+{
+    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle it
+    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
+            sa->onFreeTextDone();
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::Events::onFreeTextCancel()
+{
+    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle it
+    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
+            sa->onFreeTextCancel();
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 // Callback for deepSleepObserver
 // Returns 0 to signal that we agree to sleep now
 int InkHUD::Events::beforeDeepSleep(void *unused)
@@ -266,7 +299,7 @@ int InkHUD::Events::beforeDeepSleep(void *unused)
     // then prepared a final powered-off screen for us, which shows device shortname.
     // We're updating to show that one now.
 
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true, false);
     delay(1000); // Cooldown, before potentially yanking display power
 
     // InkHUD shutdown complete
@@ -276,6 +309,15 @@ int InkHUD::Events::beforeDeepSleep(void *unused)
     return 0; // We agree: deep sleep now
 }
 
+// Display an intermediate screen while configuration changes are applied
+void InkHUD::Events::applyingChanges()
+{
+    // Bring the logo applet forward with a temporary message
+    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+        sa->onApplyingChanges();
+    }
+}
+
 // Callback for rebootObserver
 // Same as shutdown, without drawing the logoApplet
 // Makes sure we don't lose message history / InkHUD config

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Events.h

@@ -29,12 +29,18 @@ class Events
 
     void onButtonShort(); // User button: short press
     void onButtonLong();  // User button: long press
-    void onExitShort();   // Exit button: short press
-    void onExitLong();    // Exit button: long press
-    void onNavUp();       // Navigate up
-    void onNavDown();     // Navigate down
-    void onNavLeft();     // Navigate left
-    void onNavRight();    // Navigate right
+    void applyingChanges();
+    void onExitShort(); // Exit button: short press
+    void onExitLong();  // Exit button: long press
+    void onNavUp();     // Navigate up
+    void onNavDown();   // Navigate down
+    void onNavLeft();   // Navigate left
+    void onNavRight();  // Navigate right
+
+    // Free text typing events
+    void onFreeText(char c); // New freetext character input
+    void onFreeTextDone();
+    void onFreeTextCancel();
 
     int beforeDeepSleep(void *unused);                             // Prepare for shutdown
     int beforeReboot(void *unused);                                // Prepare for reboot

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.cpp

@@ -53,6 +53,13 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::addApplet(const char *name, Applet *a, bool defaultActive,
     windowManager->addApplet(name, a, defaultActive, defaultAutoshow, onTile);
 }
 
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::notifyApplyingChanges()
+{
+    if (events) {
+        events->applyingChanges();
+    }
+}
+
 // Start InkHUD!
 // Call this only after you have configured InkHUD
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::begin()
@@ -168,6 +175,25 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::navRight()
     }
 }
 
+// Call this for keyboard input
+// The Keyboard Applet also calls this
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::freeText(char c)
+{
+    events->onFreeText(c);
+}
+
+// Call this to complete a freetext input
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::freeTextDone()
+{
+    events->onFreeTextDone();
+}
+
+// Call this to cancel a freetext input
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::freeTextCancel()
+{
+    events->onFreeTextCancel();
+}
+
 // Cycle the next user applet to the foreground
 // Only activated applets are cycled
 // If user has a multi-applet layout, the applets will cycle on the "focused tile"
@@ -197,6 +223,18 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::openAlignStick()
     windowManager->openAlignStick();
 }
 
+// Open the on-screen keyboard
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::openKeyboard()
+{
+    windowManager->openKeyboard();
+}
+
+// Close the on-screen keyboard
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::closeKeyboard()
+{
+    windowManager->closeKeyboard();
+}
+
 // In layouts where multiple applets are shown at once, change which tile is focused
 // The focused tile in the one which cycles applets on button short press, and displays menu on long press
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::nextTile()
@@ -245,10 +283,11 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::requestUpdate()
 // Ignores all diplomacy:
 //  - the display *will* update
 //  - the specified update type *will* be used
+// If the all parameter is true, the whole screen buffer is cleared and re-rendered
 // If the async parameter is false, code flow is blocked while the update takes place
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool async)
+void InkHUD::InkHUD::forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool all, bool async)
 {
-    renderer->forceUpdate(type, async);
+    renderer->forceUpdate(type, all, async);
 }
 
 // Wait for any in-progress display update to complete before continuing

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ class InkHUD
     void setDriver(Drivers::EInk *driver);
     void setDisplayResilience(uint8_t fastPerFull = 5, float stressMultiplier = 2.0);
     void addApplet(const char *name, Applet *a, bool defaultActive = false, bool defaultAutoshow = false, uint8_t onTile = -1);
+    void notifyApplyingChanges();
 
     void begin();
 
@@ -62,6 +63,11 @@ class InkHUD
     void navLeft();
     void navRight();
 
+    // Freetext handlers
+    void freeText(char c);
+    void freeTextDone();
+    void freeTextCancel();
+
     // Trigger UI changes
     // - called by various InkHUD components
     // - suitable(?) for use by aux button, connected in variant nicheGraphics.h
@@ -70,17 +76,23 @@ class InkHUD
     void prevApplet();
     void openMenu();
     void openAlignStick();
+    void openKeyboard();
+    void closeKeyboard();
     void nextTile();
     void prevTile();
     void rotate();
     void rotateJoystick(uint8_t angle = 1); // rotate 90 deg by default
     void toggleBatteryIcon();
 
+    // Used by TipsApplet to force menu to start on Region selection
+    bool forceRegionMenu = false;
+
     // Updating the display
     // - called by various InkHUD components
 
     void requestUpdate();
-    void forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED, bool async = true);
+    void forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED, bool all = false,
+                     bool async = true);
     void awaitUpdate();
 
     // (Re)configuring WindowManager

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Renderer.cpp

@@ -56,15 +56,16 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::setDisplayResilience(uint8_t fastPerFull, float stressMul
 
 void InkHUD::Renderer::begin()
 {
-    forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, false);
+    forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true, false);
 }
 
 // Set a flag, which will be picked up by runOnce, ASAP.
 // Quite likely, multiple applets will all want to respond to one event (Observable, etc)
 // Each affected applet can independently call requestUpdate(), and all share the one opportunity to render, at next runOnce
-void InkHUD::Renderer::requestUpdate()
+void InkHUD::Renderer::requestUpdate(bool all)
 {
     requested = true;
+    renderAll |= all;
 
     // We will run the thread as soon as we loop(),
     // after all Applets have had a chance to observe whatever event set this off
@@ -79,10 +80,11 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::requestUpdate()
 // Sometimes, however, we will want to trigger a display update manually, in the absence of any sort of applet event
 // Display health, for example.
 // In these situations, we use forceUpdate
-void InkHUD::Renderer::forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool async)
+void InkHUD::Renderer::forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool all, bool async)
 {
     requested = true;
     forced = true;
+    renderAll |= all;
     displayHealth.forceUpdateType(type);
 
     // Normally, we need to start the timer, in case the display is busy and we briefly defer the update
@@ -219,7 +221,8 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::render(bool async)
         Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes updateType = decideUpdateType();
 
         // Render the new image
-        clearBuffer();
+        if (renderAll)
+            clearBuffer();
         renderUserApplets();
         renderPlaceholders();
         renderSystemApplets();
@@ -247,6 +250,7 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::render(bool async)
     // Tidy up, ready for a new request
     requested = false;
     forced = false;
+    renderAll = false;
 }
 
 // Manually fill the image buffer with WHITE
@@ -259,6 +263,76 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::clearBuffer()
     memset(imageBuffer, 0xFF, imageBufferHeight * imageBufferWidth);
 }
 
+// Manually clear the pixels below a tile
+void InkHUD::Renderer::clearTile(Tile *t)
+{
+    // Rotate the tile dimensions
+    int16_t left = 0;
+    int16_t top = 0;
+    uint16_t width = 0;
+    uint16_t height = 0;
+    switch (settings->rotation) {
+    case 0:
+        left = t->getLeft();
+        top = t->getTop();
+        width = t->getWidth();
+        height = t->getHeight();
+        break;
+    case 1:
+        left = driver->width - (t->getTop() + t->getHeight());
+        top = t->getLeft();
+        width = t->getHeight();
+        height = t->getWidth();
+        break;
+    case 2:
+        left = driver->width - (t->getLeft() + t->getWidth());
+        top = driver->height - (t->getTop() + t->getHeight());
+        width = t->getWidth();
+        height = t->getHeight();
+        break;
+    case 3:
+        left = t->getTop();
+        top = driver->height - (t->getLeft() + t->getWidth());
+        width = t->getHeight();
+        height = t->getWidth();
+        break;
+    }
+
+    // Calculate the bounds to clear
+    uint16_t xStart = (left < 0) ? 0 : left;
+    uint16_t yStart = (top < 0) ? 0 : top;
+    if (xStart >= driver->width || yStart >= driver->height || left + width < 0 || top + height < 0)
+        return; // the box is completely off the screen
+    uint16_t xEnd = left + width;
+    uint16_t yEnd = top + height;
+    if (xEnd > driver->width)
+        xEnd = driver->width;
+    if (yEnd > driver->height)
+        yEnd = driver->height;
+
+    // Clear the pixels
+    if (xStart == 0 && xEnd == driver->width) { // full width box is easier to clear
+        memset(imageBuffer + (yStart * imageBufferWidth), 0xFF, (yEnd - yStart) * imageBufferWidth);
+    } else {
+        const uint16_t byteStart = (xStart / 8) + 1;
+        const uint16_t byteEnd = xEnd / 8;
+        const uint8_t leadingByte = 0xFF >> (xStart - ((byteStart - 1) * 8));
+        const uint8_t trailingByte = (0xFF00 >> (xEnd - (byteEnd * 8))) & 0xFF;
+        for (uint16_t i = yStart * imageBufferWidth; i < yEnd * imageBufferWidth; i += imageBufferWidth) {
+            // Set the leading byte
+            imageBuffer[i + byteStart - 1] |= leadingByte;
+
+            // Set the continuous bytes
+            if (byteStart < byteEnd)
+                memset(imageBuffer + i + byteStart, 0xFF, byteEnd - byteStart);
+
+            // Set the trailing byte
+            if (byteEnd != imageBufferWidth)
+                imageBuffer[i + byteEnd] |= trailingByte;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 void InkHUD::Renderer::checkLocks()
 {
     lockRendering = nullptr;
@@ -323,12 +397,12 @@ Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes InkHUD::Renderer::decideUpdateType()
     if (!forced) {
         // User applets
         for (Applet *ua : inkhud->userApplets) {
-            if (ua && ua->isForeground())
+            if (ua && ua->isForeground() && (ua->wantsToRender() || renderAll))
                 displayHealth.requestUpdateType(ua->wantsUpdateType());
         }
         // System Applets
         for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-            if (sa && sa->isForeground())
+            if (sa && sa->isForeground() && (sa->wantsToRender() || sa->alwaysRender || renderAll))
                 displayHealth.requestUpdateType(sa->wantsUpdateType());
         }
     }
@@ -346,9 +420,16 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::renderUserApplets()
 
     // Render any user applets which are currently visible
     for (Applet *ua : inkhud->userApplets) {
-        if (ua && ua->isActive() && ua->isForeground()) {
+        if (ua && ua->isActive() && ua->isForeground() && (ua->wantsToRender() || renderAll)) {
+
+            // Clear the tile unless the applet wants to draw over its previous render
+            // or everything is getting re-rendered anyways
+            if (ua->wantsFullRender() && !renderAll)
+                clearTile(ua->getTile());
+
             uint32_t start = millis();
-            ua->render(); // Draw!
+            bool full = ua->wantsFullRender() || renderAll;
+            ua->render(full); // Draw!
             uint32_t stop = millis();
             LOG_DEBUG("%s took %dms to render", ua->name, stop - start);
         }
@@ -370,6 +451,9 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::renderSystemApplets()
         if (!sa->isForeground())
             continue;
 
+        if (!sa->wantsToRender() && !sa->alwaysRender && !renderAll)
+            continue;
+
         // Skip if locked by another applet
         if (lockRendering && lockRendering != sa)
             continue;
@@ -381,8 +465,14 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::renderSystemApplets()
 
         assert(sa->getTile());
 
+        // Clear the tile unless the applet wants to draw over its previous render
+        // or everything is getting re-rendered anyways
+        if (sa->wantsFullRender() && !renderAll)
+            clearTile(sa->getTile());
+
         // uint32_t start = millis();
-        sa->render(); // Draw!
+        bool full = sa->wantsFullRender() || renderAll;
+        sa->render(full); // Draw!
         // uint32_t stop = millis();
         // LOG_DEBUG("%s took %dms to render", sa->name, stop - start);
     }
@@ -409,7 +499,10 @@ void InkHUD::Renderer::renderPlaceholders()
     // uint32_t start = millis();
     for (Tile *t : emptyTiles) {
         t->assignApplet(placeholder);
-        placeholder->render();
+        // Clear the tile unless everything is getting re-rendered
+        if (!renderAll)
+            clearTile(t);
+        placeholder->render(true); // full render
         t->assignApplet(nullptr);
     }
     // uint32_t stop = millis();

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Renderer.h

@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ class Renderer : protected concurrency::OSThread
 
     // Call these to make the image change
 
-    void requestUpdate(); // Update display, if a foreground applet has info it wants to show
-    void forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED,
+    void requestUpdate(bool all = false); // Update display, if a foreground applet has info it wants to show
+    void forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED, bool all = false,
                      bool async = true); // Update display, regardless of whether any applets requested this
 
     // Wait for an update to complete
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ class Renderer : protected concurrency::OSThread
     // Steps of the rendering process
 
     void clearBuffer();
+    void clearTile(Tile *t);
     void checkLocks();
     bool shouldUpdate();
     Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes decideUpdateType();
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ class Renderer : protected concurrency::OSThread
 
     bool requested = false;
     bool forced = false;
+    bool renderAll = false;
 
     // For convenience
     InkHUD *inkhud = nullptr;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h

@@ -22,11 +22,14 @@ class SystemApplet : public Applet
   public:
     // System applets have the right to:
 
-    bool handleInput = false;   // - respond to input from the user button
-    bool lockRendering = false; // - prevent other applets from being rendered during an update
-    bool lockRequests = false;  // - prevent other applets from triggering display updates
+    bool handleInput = false;    // - respond to input from the user button
+    bool handleFreeText = false; // - respond to free text input
+    bool lockRendering = false;  // - prevent other applets from being rendered during an update
+    bool lockRequests = false;   // - prevent other applets from triggering display updates
+    bool alwaysRender = false;   // - render every time the screen is updated
 
     virtual void onReboot() { onShutdown(); } // - handle reboot specially
+    virtual void onApplyingChanges() {}
 
     // Other system applets may take precedence over our own system applet though
     // The order an applet is passed to WindowManager::addSystemApplet determines this hierarchy (added earlier = higher rank)
@@ -40,4 +43,4 @@ class SystemApplet : public Applet
 
 }; // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 
-#endif
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Tile.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static int32_t runtaskHighlight()
     LOG_DEBUG("Dismissing Highlight");
     InkHUD::Tile::highlightShown = false;
     InkHUD::Tile::highlightTarget = nullptr;
-    InkHUD::InkHUD::getInstance()->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST); // Re-render, clearing the highlighting
+    InkHUD::InkHUD::getInstance()->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, true); // Re-render, clearing the highlighting
     return taskHighlight->disable();
 }
 static void inittaskHighlight()
@@ -190,6 +190,18 @@ void InkHUD::Tile::handleAppletPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, Color c)
     }
 }
 
+// Used in Renderer for clearing the tile
+int16_t InkHUD::Tile::getLeft()
+{
+    return left;
+}
+
+// Used in Renderer for clearing the tile
+int16_t InkHUD::Tile::getTop()
+{
+    return top;
+}
+
 // Called by Applet base class, when setting applet dimensions, immediately before render
 uint16_t InkHUD::Tile::getWidth()
 {
@@ -220,7 +232,7 @@ void InkHUD::Tile::requestHighlight()
 {
     Tile::highlightTarget = this;
     Tile::highlightShown = false;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, true);
 }
 
 // Starts the timer which will automatically dismiss the highlighting, if the tile doesn't organically redraw first

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Tile.h

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ class Tile
     void setRegion(uint8_t layoutSize, uint8_t tileIndex);                      // Assign region automatically, based on layout
     void setRegion(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height); // Assign region manually
     void handleAppletPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, Color c);                      // Receive px output from assigned applet
+    int16_t getLeft();
+    int16_t getTop();
     uint16_t getWidth();
     uint16_t getHeight();
     static uint16_t maxDisplayDimension(); // Largest possible width / height any tile may ever encounter

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/WindowManager.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "./Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.h"
+#include "./Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Menu/MenuApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.h"
@@ -148,6 +149,28 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::openAlignStick()
     }
 }
 
+void InkHUD::WindowManager::openKeyboard()
+{
+    KeyboardApplet *keyboard = (KeyboardApplet *)inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard");
+
+    if (keyboard) {
+        keyboard->bringToForeground();
+        keyboardOpen = true;
+        changeLayout();
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::WindowManager::closeKeyboard()
+{
+    KeyboardApplet *keyboard = (KeyboardApplet *)inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard");
+
+    if (keyboard) {
+        keyboard->sendToBackground();
+        keyboardOpen = false;
+        changeLayout();
+    }
+}
+
 // On the currently focussed tile: cycle to the next available user applet
 // Applets available for this must be activated, and not already displayed on another tile
 void InkHUD::WindowManager::nextApplet()
@@ -272,7 +295,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::toggleBatteryIcon()
         batteryIcon->sendToBackground();
 
     // Force-render
-    // - redraw all applets
     inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }
 
@@ -311,9 +333,25 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::changeLayout()
         menu->show(ft);
     }
 
+    // Resize for the on-screen keyboard
+    if (keyboardOpen) {
+        // Send all user applets to the background
+        // User applets currently don't handle free text input
+        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < inkhud->userApplets.size(); i++)
+            inkhud->userApplets.at(i)->sendToBackground();
+        // Find the first system applet that can handle freetext and resize it
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleFreeText) {
+                const uint16_t keyboardHeight = KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight();
+                sa->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height() - keyboardHeight - 1);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     // Force-render
     // - redraw all applets
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, true);
 }
 
 // Perform necessary reconfiguration when user activates or deactivates applets at run-time
@@ -347,7 +385,7 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::changeActivatedApplets()
 
     // Force-render
     // - redraw all applets
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, true);
 }
 
 // Some applets may be permitted to bring themselves to foreground, to show new data
@@ -433,8 +471,10 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::createSystemApplets()
     addSystemApplet("Logo", new LogoApplet, new Tile);
     addSystemApplet("Pairing", new PairingApplet, new Tile);
     addSystemApplet("Tips", new TipsApplet, new Tile);
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
         addSystemApplet("AlignStick", new AlignStickApplet, new Tile);
+        addSystemApplet("Keyboard", new KeyboardApplet, new Tile);
+    }
 
     addSystemApplet("Menu", new MenuApplet, nullptr);
 
@@ -457,9 +497,13 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::placeSystemTiles()
     inkhud->getSystemApplet("Logo")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
     inkhud->getSystemApplet("Pairing")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
     inkhud->getSystemApplet("Tips")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
         inkhud->getSystemApplet("AlignStick")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
-
+        const uint16_t keyboardHeight = KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight();
+        inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard")
+            ->getTile()
+            ->setRegion(0, inkhud->height() - keyboardHeight, inkhud->width(), keyboardHeight);
+    }
     inkhud->getSystemApplet("Notification")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), 20);
 
     const uint16_t batteryIconHeight = Applet::getHeaderHeight() - 2 - 2;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/WindowManager.h

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ class WindowManager
     void prevTile();
     void openMenu();
     void openAlignStick();
+    void openKeyboard();
+    void closeKeyboard();
     void nextApplet();
     void prevApplet();
     void rotate();
@@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ class WindowManager
     void findOrphanApplets(); // Find any applets left-behind when layout changes
 
     std::vector<Tile *> userTiles; // Tiles which can host user applets
+    bool keyboardOpen = false;
 
     // For convenience
     InkHUD *inkhud = nullptr;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/docs/README.md

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class BasicExampleApplet : public Applet
     // You must have an onRender() method
     // All drawing happens here
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 };
 ```
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ The `onRender` method is called when the display image is redrawn. This can happ
 ```cpp
 // All drawing happens here
 // Our basic example doesn't do anything useful. It just passively prints some text.
-void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     printAt(0, 0, "Hello, world!");
 }

src/input/HackadayCommunicatorKeyboard.cpp

@@ -20,20 +20,20 @@ constexpr uint8_t modifierLeftShift = 0b0001;
 
 // Num chars per key, Modulus for rotating through characters
 static uint8_t HackadayCommunicatorTapMod[_TCA8418_NUM_KEYS] = {
-    0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
     0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0,
 };
 
 static unsigned char HackadayCommunicatorTapMap[_TCA8418_NUM_KEYS][2] = {{},
-                                                                         {},
+                                                                         {Key::FUNCTION_F1},
                                                                          {'+'},
                                                                          {'9'},
                                                                          {'8'},
                                                                          {'7'},
-                                                                         {'2'},
-                                                                         {'3'},
-                                                                         {'4'},
-                                                                         {'5'},
+                                                                         {Key::FUNCTION_F2},
+                                                                         {Key::FUNCTION_F3},
+                                                                         {Key::FUNCTION_F4},
+                                                                         {Key::FUNCTION_F5},
                                                                          {Key::ESC},
                                                                          {'q', 'Q'},
                                                                          {'w', 'W'},
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ void HackadayCommunicatorKeyboard::pressed(uint8_t key)
     if (state == Init || state == Busy) {
         return;
     }
+    LOG_DEBUG("Key pressed: %u", key);
 
     if (modifierFlag && (millis() - last_modifier_time > _TCA8418_MULTI_TAP_THRESHOLD)) {
         modifierFlag = 0;

src/input/InputBroker.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,59 @@
 #include "InputBroker.h"
 #include "PowerFSM.h" // needed for event trigger
 #include "configuration.h"
+#include "graphics/Screen.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
 
+#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
+#include "input/LinuxInputImpl.h"
+#include "input/SeesawRotary.h"
+#include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
+#endif
+
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_INPUTBROKER
+#include "input/ExpressLRSFiveWay.h"
+#include "input/RotaryEncoderImpl.h"
+#include "input/RotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1.h"
+#include "input/SerialKeyboardImpl.h"
+#include "input/UpDownInterruptImpl1.h"
+#include "input/i2cButton.h"
+#if HAS_TRACKBALL
+#include "input/TrackballInterruptImpl1.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "modules/StatusLEDModule.h"
+
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_I2C
+#include "input/cardKbI2cImpl.h"
+#endif
+#include "input/kbMatrixImpl.h"
+#endif
+
+#if HAS_BUTTON || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+#include "input/ButtonThread.h"
+
+#if defined(BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH)
+ButtonThread *TouchButtonThread = nullptr;
+#if defined(TTGO_T_ECHO_PLUS) && defined(PIN_EINK_EN)
+static bool touchBacklightWasOn = false;
+static bool touchBacklightActive = false;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(BUTTON_PIN) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+ButtonThread *UserButtonThread = nullptr;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ALT_BUTTON_PIN)
+ButtonThread *BackButtonThread = nullptr;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)
+ButtonThread *CancelButtonThread = nullptr;
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
 InputBroker *inputBroker = nullptr;
 
 InputBroker::InputBroker()
@@ -74,3 +125,262 @@ void InputBroker::pollSoonWorker(void *p)
     vTaskDelete(NULL);
 }
 #endif
+
+void InputBroker::Init()
+{
+
+#ifdef BUTTON_PIN
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+
+#if ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
+#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP
+    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
+#else
+    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT); // default to BUTTON_PIN
+#endif
+#else
+    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT); // default to BUTTON_PIN
+#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP
+    gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN));
+    delay(10);
+#endif
+#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP2
+    gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP2);
+    delay(10);
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// buttons are now inputBroker, so have to come after setupModules
+#if HAS_BUTTON
+    int pullup_sense = 0;
+#ifdef INPUT_PULLUP_SENSE
+    // Some platforms (nrf52) have a SENSE variant which allows wake from sleep - override what OneButton did
+#ifdef BUTTON_SENSE_TYPE
+    pullup_sense = BUTTON_SENSE_TYPE;
+#else
+    pullup_sense = INPUT_PULLUP_SENSE;
+#endif
+#endif
+#if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+
+    if (portduino_config.userButtonPin.enabled) {
+
+        LOG_DEBUG("Use GPIO%02d for button", portduino_config.userButtonPin.pin);
+        UserButtonThread = new ButtonThread("UserButton");
+        if (screen) {
+            ButtonConfig config;
+            config.pinNumber = (uint8_t)portduino_config.userButtonPin.pin;
+            config.activeLow = true;
+            config.activePullup = true;
+            config.pullupSense = INPUT_PULLUP;
+            config.intRoutine = []() {
+                UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+                UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+                runASAP = true;
+                BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+                concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+            };
+            config.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
+            config.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SELECT;
+            UserButtonThread->initButton(config);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH
+    TouchButtonThread = new ButtonThread("BackButton");
+    ButtonConfig touchConfig;
+    touchConfig.pinNumber = BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH;
+    touchConfig.activeLow = true;
+    touchConfig.activePullup = true;
+    touchConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
+    touchConfig.intRoutine = []() {
+        TouchButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+        TouchButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+        runASAP = true;
+        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+        concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+    };
+    touchConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
+    touchConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_BACK;
+#if defined(TTGO_T_ECHO_PLUS) && defined(PIN_EINK_EN)
+    // On T-Echo Plus the touch pad should only drive the backlight, not UI navigation/sounds
+    touchConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
+    touchConfig.suppressLeadUpSound = true;
+    touchConfig.onPress = []() {
+        touchBacklightWasOn = uiconfig.screen_brightness == 1;
+        if (!touchBacklightWasOn) {
+            digitalWrite(PIN_EINK_EN, HIGH);
+        }
+        touchBacklightActive = true;
+    };
+    touchConfig.onRelease = []() {
+        if (touchBacklightActive && !touchBacklightWasOn) {
+            digitalWrite(PIN_EINK_EN, LOW);
+        }
+        touchBacklightActive = false;
+    };
+#endif
+    TouchButtonThread->initButton(touchConfig);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)
+    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
+    CancelButtonThread = new ButtonThread("CancelButton");
+    ButtonConfig cancelConfig;
+    cancelConfig.pinNumber = CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN;
+    cancelConfig.activeLow = CANCEL_BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
+    cancelConfig.activePullup = CANCEL_BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
+    cancelConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
+    cancelConfig.intRoutine = []() {
+        CancelButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+        CancelButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+        runASAP = true;
+        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+        concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+    };
+    cancelConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_CANCEL;
+    cancelConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
+    cancelConfig.longPressTime = 4000;
+    CancelButtonThread->initButton(cancelConfig);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ALT_BUTTON_PIN)
+    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
+    BackButtonThread = new ButtonThread("BackButton");
+    ButtonConfig backConfig;
+    backConfig.pinNumber = ALT_BUTTON_PIN;
+    backConfig.activeLow = ALT_BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
+    backConfig.activePullup = ALT_BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
+    backConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
+    backConfig.intRoutine = []() {
+        BackButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+        BackButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+        runASAP = true;
+        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+        concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+    };
+    backConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_ALT_PRESS;
+    backConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_ALT_LONG;
+    backConfig.longPressTime = 500;
+    BackButtonThread->initButton(backConfig);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(BUTTON_PIN)
+#if defined(USERPREFS_BUTTON_PIN)
+    int _pinNum = config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : USERPREFS_BUTTON_PIN;
+#else
+    int _pinNum = config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN;
+#endif
+#ifndef BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW
+#define BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW true
+#endif
+#ifndef BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP
+#define BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP true
+#endif
+
+    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
+    // If your variant.h has a BUTTON_PIN defined, go ahead and define BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW and BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP
+    UserButtonThread = new ButtonThread("UserButton");
+    if (screen) {
+        ButtonConfig userConfig;
+        userConfig.pinNumber = (uint8_t)_pinNum;
+        userConfig.activeLow = BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
+        userConfig.activePullup = BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
+        userConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
+        userConfig.intRoutine = []() {
+            UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+            UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+            runASAP = true;
+            BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+            concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+        };
+        userConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
+        userConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SELECT;
+        userConfig.longPressTime = 500;
+        userConfig.longLongPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
+        UserButtonThread->initButton(userConfig);
+    } else {
+        ButtonConfig userConfigNoScreen;
+        userConfigNoScreen.pinNumber = (uint8_t)_pinNum;
+        userConfigNoScreen.activeLow = BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
+        userConfigNoScreen.activePullup = BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
+        userConfigNoScreen.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
+        userConfigNoScreen.intRoutine = []() {
+            UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
+            UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
+            runASAP = true;
+            BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
+            concurrency::mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
+        };
+        userConfigNoScreen.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
+        userConfigNoScreen.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
+        userConfigNoScreen.longPressTime = 500;
+        userConfigNoScreen.longLongPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
+        userConfigNoScreen.doublePress = INPUT_BROKER_SEND_PING;
+        userConfigNoScreen.triplePress = INPUT_BROKER_GPS_TOGGLE;
+        UserButtonThread->initButton(userConfigNoScreen);
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if (HAS_BUTTON || ARCH_PORTDUINO) && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_INPUTBROKER
+    if (config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR) {
+#if defined(T_LORA_PAGER)
+        // use a special FSM based rotary encoder version for T-LoRa Pager
+        rotaryEncoderImpl = new RotaryEncoderImpl();
+        if (!rotaryEncoderImpl->init()) {
+            delete rotaryEncoderImpl;
+            rotaryEncoderImpl = nullptr;
+        }
+#elif defined(INPUTDRIVER_ENCODER_TYPE) && (INPUTDRIVER_ENCODER_TYPE == 2)
+        upDownInterruptImpl1 = new UpDownInterruptImpl1();
+        if (!upDownInterruptImpl1->init()) {
+            delete upDownInterruptImpl1;
+            upDownInterruptImpl1 = nullptr;
+        }
+#else
+        rotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1 = new RotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1();
+        if (!rotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1->init()) {
+            delete rotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1;
+            rotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1 = nullptr;
+        }
+#endif
+        cardKbI2cImpl = new CardKbI2cImpl();
+        cardKbI2cImpl->init();
+#if defined(M5STACK_UNITC6L)
+        i2cButton = new i2cButtonThread("i2cButtonThread");
+#endif
+#ifdef INPUTBROKER_MATRIX_TYPE
+        kbMatrixImpl = new KbMatrixImpl();
+        kbMatrixImpl->init();
+#endif // INPUTBROKER_MATRIX_TYPE
+#ifdef INPUTBROKER_SERIAL_TYPE
+        aSerialKeyboardImpl = new SerialKeyboardImpl();
+        aSerialKeyboardImpl->init();
+#endif // INPUTBROKER_MATRIX_TYPE
+    }
+#endif // HAS_BUTTON
+#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    if (config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR && portduino_config.i2cdev != "") {
+        seesawRotary = new SeesawRotary("SeesawRotary");
+        if (!seesawRotary->init()) {
+            delete seesawRotary;
+            seesawRotary = nullptr;
+        }
+        aLinuxInputImpl = new LinuxInputImpl();
+        aLinuxInputImpl->init();
+    }
+#endif
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_INPUTBROKER && HAS_TRACKBALL
+    if (config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR) {
+        trackballInterruptImpl1 = new TrackballInterruptImpl1();
+        trackballInterruptImpl1->init(TB_DOWN, TB_UP, TB_LEFT, TB_RIGHT, TB_PRESS);
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef INPUTBROKER_EXPRESSLRSFIVEWAY_TYPE
+    expressLRSFiveWayInput = new ExpressLRSFiveWay();
+#endif
+}

src/input/InputBroker.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "Observer.h"
+#include "concurrency/OSThread.h"
 #include "freertosinc.h"
 
 #ifdef InputBrokerDebug
@@ -27,6 +28,11 @@ enum input_broker_event {
     INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN = 0x9b,
     INPUT_BROKER_GPS_TOGGLE = 0x9e,
     INPUT_BROKER_SEND_PING = 0xaf,
+    INPUT_BROKER_FN_F1 = 0xf1,
+    INPUT_BROKER_FN_F2 = 0xf2,
+    INPUT_BROKER_FN_F3 = 0xf3,
+    INPUT_BROKER_FN_F4 = 0xf4,
+    INPUT_BROKER_FN_F5 = 0xf5,
     INPUT_BROKER_MATRIXKEY = 0xFE,
     INPUT_BROKER_ANYKEY = 0xff
 
@@ -71,6 +77,7 @@ class InputBroker : public Observable<const InputEvent *>
     void queueInputEvent(const InputEvent *event);
     void processInputEventQueue();
 #endif
+    void Init();
 
   protected:
     int handleInputEvent(const InputEvent *event);
@@ -84,4 +91,5 @@ class InputBroker : public Observable<const InputEvent *>
 #endif
 };
 
-extern InputBroker *inputBroker;
+extern InputBroker *inputBroker;
+extern bool runASAP;

src/input/SerialKeyboard.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 SerialKeyboard *globalSerialKeyboard = nullptr;
 
 #ifdef INPUTBROKER_SERIAL_TYPE
-#define CANNED_MESSAGE_MODULE_ENABLE 1 // in case it's not set in the variant file
 
 #if INPUTBROKER_SERIAL_TYPE == 1 // It's a Chatter
 // 3 SHIFT level (lower case, upper case, numbers), up to 4 repeated presses, button number

src/input/TCA8418KeyboardBase.h

@@ -26,7 +26,12 @@ class TCA8418KeyboardBase
         GPS_TOGGLE = 0x9E,
         MUTE_TOGGLE = 0xAC,
         SEND_PING = 0xAF,
-        BL_TOGGLE = 0xAB
+        BL_TOGGLE = 0xAB,
+        FUNCTION_F1 = 0xF1,
+        FUNCTION_F2 = 0xF2,
+        FUNCTION_F3 = 0xF3,
+        FUNCTION_F4 = 0xF4,
+        FUNCTION_F5 = 0xF5
     };
 
     typedef uint8_t (*i2c_com_fptr_t)(uint8_t dev_addr, uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *data, uint8_t len);

src/input/TrackballInterruptBase.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "TrackballInterruptBase.h"
+#include "Throttle.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
+
 extern bool osk_found;
 
 TrackballInterruptBase::TrackballInterruptBase(const char *name) : concurrency::OSThread(name), _originName(name) {}
@@ -55,17 +57,27 @@ int32_t TrackballInterruptBase::runOnce()
 {
     InputEvent e = {};
     e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    if (lastInterruptTime && !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 1000)) {
+        left_counter = 0;
+        right_counter = 0;
+        up_counter = 0;
+        down_counter = 0;
+        lastInterruptTime = 0;
+    }
+#ifdef INPUT_DEBUG
+    if (left_counter > 0 || right_counter > 0 || up_counter > 0 || down_counter > 0) {
+        LOG_DEBUG("L %u R %u U %u D %u, time %u", left_counter, right_counter, up_counter, down_counter, millis());
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
 
     // Handle long press detection for press button
     if (pressDetected && pressStartTime > 0) {
         uint32_t pressDuration = millis() - pressStartTime;
         bool buttonStillPressed = false;
 
-#if defined(T_DECK)
-        buttonStillPressed = (this->action == TB_ACTION_PRESSED);
-#else
         buttonStillPressed = !digitalRead(_pinPress);
-#endif
 
         if (!buttonStillPressed) {
             // Button released
@@ -134,23 +146,31 @@ int32_t TrackballInterruptBase::runOnce()
         }
     }
 
-#if defined(T_DECK) // T-deck gets a super-simple debounce on trackball
-    if (this->action == TB_ACTION_PRESSED && !pressDetected) {
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    if (this->action == TB_ACTION_PRESSED && (!pressDetected || pressStartTime == 0)) {
         // Start long press detection
         pressDetected = true;
         pressStartTime = millis();
         // Don't send event yet, wait to see if it's a long press
-    } else if (this->action == TB_ACTION_UP && lastEvent == TB_ACTION_UP) {
-        // LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event UP");
+    } else if (up_counter >= TB_THRESHOLD) {
+#ifdef INPUT_DEBUG
+        LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event UP %u", millis());
+#endif
         e.inputEvent = this->_eventUp;
-    } else if (this->action == TB_ACTION_DOWN && lastEvent == TB_ACTION_DOWN) {
-        // LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event DOWN");
+    } else if (down_counter >= TB_THRESHOLD) {
+#ifdef INPUT_DEBUG
+        LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event DOWN %u", millis());
+#endif
         e.inputEvent = this->_eventDown;
-    } else if (this->action == TB_ACTION_LEFT && lastEvent == TB_ACTION_LEFT) {
-        // LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event LEFT");
+    } else if (left_counter >= TB_THRESHOLD) {
+#ifdef INPUT_DEBUG
+        LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event LEFT %u", millis());
+#endif
         e.inputEvent = this->_eventLeft;
-    } else if (this->action == TB_ACTION_RIGHT && lastEvent == TB_ACTION_RIGHT) {
-        // LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event RIGHT");
+    } else if (right_counter >= TB_THRESHOLD) {
+#ifdef INPUT_DEBUG
+        LOG_DEBUG("Trackball event RIGHT %u", millis());
+#endif
         e.inputEvent = this->_eventRight;
     }
 #else
@@ -183,6 +203,12 @@ int32_t TrackballInterruptBase::runOnce()
         e.source = this->_originName;
         e.kbchar = 0x00;
         this->notifyObservers(&e);
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+        left_counter = 0;
+        right_counter = 0;
+        up_counter = 0;
+        down_counter = 0;
+#endif
     }
 
     // Only update lastEvent for non-press actions or completed press actions
@@ -198,25 +224,49 @@ int32_t TrackballInterruptBase::runOnce()
 
 void TrackballInterruptBase::intPressHandler()
 {
-    this->action = TB_ACTION_PRESSED;
+    if (!Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 10))
+        this->action = TB_ACTION_PRESSED;
+    lastInterruptTime = millis();
 }
 
 void TrackballInterruptBase::intDownHandler()
 {
-    this->action = TB_ACTION_DOWN;
+    if (TB_THRESHOLD || !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 10))
+        this->action = TB_ACTION_DOWN;
+    lastInterruptTime = millis();
+
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    down_counter++;
+#endif
 }
 
 void TrackballInterruptBase::intUpHandler()
 {
-    this->action = TB_ACTION_UP;
+    if (TB_THRESHOLD || !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 10))
+        this->action = TB_ACTION_UP;
+    lastInterruptTime = millis();
+
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    up_counter++;
+#endif
 }
 
 void TrackballInterruptBase::intLeftHandler()
 {
-    this->action = TB_ACTION_LEFT;
+    if (TB_THRESHOLD || !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 10))
+        this->action = TB_ACTION_LEFT;
+    lastInterruptTime = millis();
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    left_counter++;
+#endif
 }
 
 void TrackballInterruptBase::intRightHandler()
 {
-    this->action = TB_ACTION_RIGHT;
+    if (TB_THRESHOLD || !Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastInterruptTime, 10))
+        this->action = TB_ACTION_RIGHT;
+    lastInterruptTime = millis();
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    right_counter++;
+#endif
 }

src/input/TrackballInterruptBase.h

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@
 #endif
 #endif
 
+#ifndef TB_THRESHOLD
+#define TB_THRESHOLD 0
+#endif
+
 class TrackballInterruptBase : public Observable<const InputEvent *>, public concurrency::OSThread
 {
   public:
@@ -25,8 +29,6 @@ class TrackballInterruptBase : public Observable<const InputEvent *>, public con
     void intUpHandler();
     void intLeftHandler();
     void intRightHandler();
-    uint32_t lastTime = 0;
-
     virtual int32_t runOnce() override;
 
   protected:
@@ -67,4 +69,12 @@ class TrackballInterruptBase : public Observable<const InputEvent *>, public con
     input_broker_event _eventPressedLong = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
     const char *_originName;
     TrackballInterruptBaseActionType lastEvent = TB_ACTION_NONE;
+    volatile uint32_t lastInterruptTime = 0;
+
+#if TB_THRESHOLD
+    volatile uint8_t left_counter = 0;
+    volatile uint8_t right_counter = 0;
+    volatile uint8_t up_counter = 0;
+    volatile uint8_t down_counter = 0;
+#endif
 };

src/input/TrackballInterruptImpl1.cpp

@@ -24,41 +24,26 @@ void TrackballInterruptImpl1::init(uint8_t pinDown, uint8_t pinUp, uint8_t pinLe
 
 void TrackballInterruptImpl1::handleIntDown()
 {
-    if (TB_DIRECTION == RISING || millis() > trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime + 10) {
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime = millis();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->intDownHandler();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
-    }
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->intDownHandler();
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
 }
 void TrackballInterruptImpl1::handleIntUp()
 {
-    if (TB_DIRECTION == RISING || millis() > trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime + 10) {
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime = millis();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->intUpHandler();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
-    }
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->intUpHandler();
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
 }
 void TrackballInterruptImpl1::handleIntLeft()
 {
-    if (TB_DIRECTION == RISING || millis() > trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime + 10) {
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime = millis();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->intLeftHandler();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
-    }
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->intLeftHandler();
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
 }
 void TrackballInterruptImpl1::handleIntRight()
 {
-    if (TB_DIRECTION == RISING || millis() > trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime + 10) {
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime = millis();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->intRightHandler();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
-    }
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->intRightHandler();
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
 }
 void TrackballInterruptImpl1::handleIntPressed()
 {
-    if (TB_DIRECTION == RISING || millis() > trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime + 10) {
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->lastTime = millis();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->intPressHandler();
-        trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
-    }
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->intPressHandler();
+    trackballInterruptImpl1->setIntervalFromNow(20);
 }

src/input/kbI2cBase.cpp

@@ -321,6 +321,26 @@ int32_t KbI2cBase::runOnce()
                 e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_ANYKEY;
                 e.kbchar = INPUT_BROKER_MSG_TAB;
                 break;
+            case TCA8418KeyboardBase::FUNCTION_F1:
+                e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_FN_F1;
+                e.kbchar = 0x00;
+                break;
+            case TCA8418KeyboardBase::FUNCTION_F2:
+                e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_FN_F2;
+                e.kbchar = 0x00;
+                break;
+            case TCA8418KeyboardBase::FUNCTION_F3:
+                e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_FN_F3;
+                e.kbchar = 0x00;
+                break;
+            case TCA8418KeyboardBase::FUNCTION_F4:
+                e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_FN_F4;
+                e.kbchar = 0x00;
+                break;
+            case TCA8418KeyboardBase::FUNCTION_F5:
+                e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_FN_F5;
+                e.kbchar = 0x00;
+                break;
             default:
                 if (nextEvent > 127) {
                     e.inputEvent = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;

src/main.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "ReliableRouter.h"
 #include "airtime.h"
 #include "buzz.h"
+#include "power/PowerHAL.h"
 
 #include "FSCommon.h"
 #include "Led.h"
@@ -42,10 +43,6 @@
 #include "MessageStore.h"
 #endif
 
-#ifdef ELECROW_ThinkNode_M5
-PCA9557 io(0x18, &Wire);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
 #include "freertosinc.h"
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_WEBSERVER
@@ -76,29 +73,10 @@ NRF52Bluetooth *nrf52Bluetooth = nullptr;
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "LLCC68Interface.h"
-#include "LR1110Interface.h"
-#include "LR1120Interface.h"
-#include "LR1121Interface.h"
-#include "RF95Interface.h"
-#include "SX1262Interface.h"
-#include "SX1268Interface.h"
-#include "SX1280Interface.h"
-#include "detect/LoRaRadioType.h"
-
-#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
-#include "STM32WLE5JCInterface.h"
-#endif
-
-#if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-#include "platform/portduino/SimRadio.h"
-#endif
-
 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "linux/LinuxHardwareI2C.h"
 #include "mesh/raspihttp/PiWebServer.h"
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
-#include "platform/portduino/USBHal.h"
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
@@ -142,31 +120,6 @@ void printPartitionTable()
 #endif // DEBUG_PARTITION_TABLE
 #endif // ARCH_ESP32
 
-#if HAS_BUTTON || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-#include "input/ButtonThread.h"
-
-#if defined(BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH)
-ButtonThread *TouchButtonThread = nullptr;
-#if defined(TTGO_T_ECHO_PLUS) && defined(PIN_EINK_EN)
-static bool touchBacklightWasOn = false;
-static bool touchBacklightActive = false;
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#if defined(BUTTON_PIN) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-ButtonThread *UserButtonThread = nullptr;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(ALT_BUTTON_PIN)
-ButtonThread *BackButtonThread = nullptr;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)
-ButtonThread *CancelButtonThread = nullptr;
-#endif
-
-#endif
-
 #include "AmbientLightingThread.h"
 #include "PowerFSMThread.h"
 
@@ -253,9 +206,6 @@ ScanI2C::DeviceAddress aqi_found = ScanI2C::ADDRESS_NONE;
 Adafruit_DRV2605 drv;
 #endif
 
-// Global LoRa radio type
-LoRaRadioType radioType = NO_RADIO;
-
 bool isVibrating = false;
 
 bool eink_found = true;
@@ -292,6 +242,7 @@ const char *getDeviceName()
     return name;
 }
 
+// TODO remove from main.cpp
 static int32_t ledBlinker()
 {
     // Still set up the blinking (heartbeat) interval but skip code path below, so LED will blink if
@@ -332,6 +283,46 @@ __attribute__((weak, noinline)) bool loopCanSleep()
 void lateInitVariant() __attribute__((weak));
 void lateInitVariant() {}
 
+void earlyInitVariant() __attribute__((weak));
+void earlyInitVariant() {}
+
+// NRF52 (and probably other platforms) can report when system is in power failure mode
+// (eg. too low battery voltage) and operating it is unsafe (data corruption, bootloops, etc).
+// For example NRF52 will prevent any flash writes in that case automatically
+// (but it causes issues we need to handle).
+// This detection is independent from whatever ADC or dividers used in Meshtastic
+// boards and is internal to chip.
+
+// we use powerHAL layer to get this info and delay booting until power level is safe
+
+// wait until power level is safe to continue booting (to avoid bootloops)
+// blink user led in 3 flashes sequence to indicate what is happening
+void waitUntilPowerLevelSafe()
+{
+
+#ifdef LED_PIN
+    pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
+#endif
+
+    while (powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe() == false) {
+
+#ifdef LED_PIN
+
+        // 3x: blink for 300 ms, pause for 300 ms
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LED_STATE_ON);
+            delay(300);
+            digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LED_STATE_OFF);
+            delay(300);
+        }
+#endif
+
+        // sleep for 2s
+        delay(2000);
+    }
+}
+
 /**
  * Print info as a structured log message (for automated log processing)
  */
@@ -342,34 +333,30 @@ void printInfo()
 #ifndef PIO_UNIT_TESTING
 void setup()
 {
-#if defined(R1_NEO)
-    pinMode(DCDC_EN_HOLD, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(DCDC_EN_HOLD, HIGH);
-    pinMode(NRF_ON, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(NRF_ON, HIGH);
-#endif
+
+    // initialize power HAL layer as early as possible
+    powerHAL_init();
+
+    // prevent booting if device is in power failure mode
+    // boot sequence will follow when battery level raises to safe mode
+    waitUntilPowerLevelSafe();
+
+    // Defined in variant.cpp for early init code
+    earlyInitVariant();
 
 #if defined(PIN_POWER_EN)
     pinMode(PIN_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
     digitalWrite(PIN_POWER_EN, HIGH);
 #endif
 
-#if defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M5)
-    Wire.begin(48, 47);
-    io.pinMode(PCA_PIN_EINK_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.pinMode(PCA_PIN_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(PCA_PIN_POWER_EN, HIGH);
-    // io.pinMode(C2_PIN, OUTPUT);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef LED_POWER
     pinMode(LED_POWER, OUTPUT);
     digitalWrite(LED_POWER, LED_STATE_ON);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef USER_LED
-    pinMode(USER_LED, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(USER_LED, HIGH ^ LED_STATE_ON);
+#ifdef LED_NOTIFICATION
+    pinMode(LED_NOTIFICATION, OUTPUT);
+    digitalWrite(LED_NOTIFICATION, HIGH ^ LED_STATE_ON);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef WIFI_LED
@@ -379,75 +366,10 @@ void setup()
 
 #ifdef BLE_LED
     pinMode(BLE_LED, OUTPUT);
-#ifdef BLE_LED_INVERTED
-    digitalWrite(BLE_LED, HIGH);
-#else
-    digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LOW);
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#if defined(T_DECK)
-    // GPIO10 manages all peripheral power supplies
-    // Turn on peripheral power immediately after MUC starts.
-    // If some boards are turned on late, ESP32 will reset due to low voltage.
-    // ESP32-C3(Keyboard) , MAX98357A(Audio Power Amplifier) ,
-    // TF Card , Display backlight(AW9364DNR) , AN48841B(Trackball) , ES7210(Decoder)
-    pinMode(KB_POWERON, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(KB_POWERON, HIGH);
-    // T-Deck has all three SPI peripherals (TFT, SD, LoRa) attached to the same SPI bus
-    // We need to initialize all CS pins in advance otherwise there will be SPI communication issues
-    // e.g. when detecting the SD card
-    pinMode(LORA_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LORA_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(SDCARD_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(SDCARD_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(TFT_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(TFT_CS, HIGH);
-    delay(100);
-#elif defined(T_DECK_PRO)
-    pinMode(LORA_EN, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LORA_EN, HIGH);
-    pinMode(LORA_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LORA_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(SDCARD_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(SDCARD_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(PIN_EINK_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(PIN_EINK_CS, HIGH);
-#elif defined(T_LORA_PAGER)
-    pinMode(LORA_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LORA_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(SDCARD_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(SDCARD_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(TFT_CS, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(TFT_CS, HIGH);
-    pinMode(KB_INT, INPUT_PULLUP);
-    // io expander
-    io.begin(Wire, XL9555_SLAVE_ADDRESS0, SDA, SCL);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_DRV_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_DRV_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_AMP_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_AMP_EN, LOW);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_LORA_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_LORA_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_GPS_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_GPS_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_KB_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_KB_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_SD_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_SD_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_GPIO_EN, OUTPUT);
-    io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_GPIO_EN, HIGH);
-    io.pinMode(EXPANDS_SD_PULLEN, INPUT);
-#elif defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
-    pinMode(KB_INT, INPUT);
+    digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LED_STATE_OFF);
 #endif
 
     concurrency::hasBeenSetup = true;
-#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    SPISettings spiSettings(portduino_config.spiSpeed, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0);
-#else
-    SPISettings spiSettings(4000000, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0);
-#endif
 
     meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_OledType screen_model =
         meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_OledType::meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_OledType_OLED_AUTO;
@@ -558,39 +480,18 @@ void setup()
     LOG_INFO("Wait for peripherals to stabilize");
     delay(PERIPHERAL_WARMUP_MS);
 #endif
-
-#ifdef BUTTON_PIN
-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-
-#if ESP_ARDUINO_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
-#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP
-    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
-#else
-    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT); // default to BUTTON_PIN
-#endif
-#else
-    pinMode(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN, INPUT); // default to BUTTON_PIN
-#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP
-    gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)(config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN));
-    delay(10);
-#endif
-#ifdef BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP2
-    gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)BUTTON_NEED_PULLUP2);
-    delay(10);
-#endif
-#endif
-#endif
-#endif
-
     initSPI();
 
     OSThread::setup();
 
+    // TODO make this ifdef based on defined pins and move from main.cpp
 #if defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M1) || defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M2)
     // The ThinkNodes have their own blink logic
     // ledPeriodic = new Periodic("Blink", elecrowLedBlinker);
 #else
+
     ledPeriodic = new Periodic("Blink", ledBlinker);
+
 #endif
 
     fsInit();
@@ -931,7 +832,7 @@ void setup()
     SPI.begin();
 #endif
 #else
-// ESP32
+        // ESP32
 #if defined(HW_SPI1_DEVICE)
     SPI1.begin(LORA_SCK, LORA_MISO, LORA_MOSI, LORA_CS);
     LOG_DEBUG("SPI1.begin(SCK=%d, MISO=%d, MOSI=%d, NSS=%d)", LORA_SCK, LORA_MISO, LORA_MOSI, LORA_CS);
@@ -963,6 +864,7 @@ void setup()
     }
 #endif // HAS_SCREEN
 
+    // TODO Remove magic string
     // setup TZ prior to time actions.
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TZ
     LOG_DEBUG("Use compiled/slipstreamed %s", slipstreamTZString); // important, removing this clobbers our magic string
@@ -1046,180 +948,9 @@ void setup()
         nodeDB->hasWarned = true;
     }
 #endif
-
-// buttons are now inputBroker, so have to come after setupModules
-#if HAS_BUTTON
-    int pullup_sense = 0;
-#ifdef INPUT_PULLUP_SENSE
-    // Some platforms (nrf52) have a SENSE variant which allows wake from sleep - override what OneButton did
-#ifdef BUTTON_SENSE_TYPE
-    pullup_sense = BUTTON_SENSE_TYPE;
-#else
-    pullup_sense = INPUT_PULLUP_SENSE;
-#endif
-#endif
-#if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-
-    if (portduino_config.userButtonPin.enabled) {
-
-        LOG_DEBUG("Use GPIO%02d for button", portduino_config.userButtonPin.pin);
-        UserButtonThread = new ButtonThread("UserButton");
-        if (screen) {
-            ButtonConfig config;
-            config.pinNumber = (uint8_t)portduino_config.userButtonPin.pin;
-            config.activeLow = true;
-            config.activePullup = true;
-            config.pullupSense = INPUT_PULLUP;
-            config.intRoutine = []() {
-                UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-                UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-                runASAP = true;
-                BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-                mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-            };
-            config.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
-            config.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SELECT;
-            UserButtonThread->initButton(config);
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#ifdef BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH
-    TouchButtonThread = new ButtonThread("BackButton");
-    ButtonConfig touchConfig;
-    touchConfig.pinNumber = BUTTON_PIN_TOUCH;
-    touchConfig.activeLow = true;
-    touchConfig.activePullup = true;
-    touchConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
-    touchConfig.intRoutine = []() {
-        TouchButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-        TouchButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-        runASAP = true;
-        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-        mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-    };
-    touchConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
-    touchConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_BACK;
-#if defined(TTGO_T_ECHO_PLUS) && defined(PIN_EINK_EN)
-    // On T-Echo Plus the touch pad should only drive the backlight, not UI navigation/sounds
-    touchConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
-    touchConfig.suppressLeadUpSound = true;
-    touchConfig.onPress = []() {
-        touchBacklightWasOn = uiconfig.screen_brightness == 1;
-        if (!touchBacklightWasOn) {
-            digitalWrite(PIN_EINK_EN, HIGH);
-        }
-        touchBacklightActive = true;
-    };
-    touchConfig.onRelease = []() {
-        if (touchBacklightActive && !touchBacklightWasOn) {
-            digitalWrite(PIN_EINK_EN, LOW);
-        }
-        touchBacklightActive = false;
-    };
-#endif
-    TouchButtonThread->initButton(touchConfig);
-#endif
-
-#if defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)
-    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
-    CancelButtonThread = new ButtonThread("CancelButton");
-    ButtonConfig cancelConfig;
-    cancelConfig.pinNumber = CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN;
-    cancelConfig.activeLow = CANCEL_BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
-    cancelConfig.activePullup = CANCEL_BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
-    cancelConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
-    cancelConfig.intRoutine = []() {
-        CancelButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-        CancelButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-        runASAP = true;
-        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-        mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-    };
-    cancelConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_CANCEL;
-    cancelConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
-    cancelConfig.longPressTime = 4000;
-    CancelButtonThread->initButton(cancelConfig);
-#endif
-
-#if defined(ALT_BUTTON_PIN)
-    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
-    BackButtonThread = new ButtonThread("BackButton");
-    ButtonConfig backConfig;
-    backConfig.pinNumber = ALT_BUTTON_PIN;
-    backConfig.activeLow = ALT_BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
-    backConfig.activePullup = ALT_BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
-    backConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
-    backConfig.intRoutine = []() {
-        BackButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-        BackButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-        runASAP = true;
-        BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-        mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-    };
-    backConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_ALT_PRESS;
-    backConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_ALT_LONG;
-    backConfig.longPressTime = 500;
-    BackButtonThread->initButton(backConfig);
-#endif
-
-#if defined(BUTTON_PIN)
-#if defined(USERPREFS_BUTTON_PIN)
-    int _pinNum = config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : USERPREFS_BUTTON_PIN;
-#else
-    int _pinNum = config.device.button_gpio ? config.device.button_gpio : BUTTON_PIN;
-#endif
-#ifndef BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW
-#define BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW true
-#endif
-#ifndef BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP
-#define BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP true
-#endif
-
-    // Buttons. Moved here cause we need NodeDB to be initialized
-    // If your variant.h has a BUTTON_PIN defined, go ahead and define BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW and BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP
-    UserButtonThread = new ButtonThread("UserButton");
-    if (screen) {
-        ButtonConfig userConfig;
-        userConfig.pinNumber = (uint8_t)_pinNum;
-        userConfig.activeLow = BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
-        userConfig.activePullup = BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
-        userConfig.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
-        userConfig.intRoutine = []() {
-            UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-            UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-            runASAP = true;
-            BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-            mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-        };
-        userConfig.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
-        userConfig.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_SELECT;
-        userConfig.longPressTime = 500;
-        userConfig.longLongPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
-        UserButtonThread->initButton(userConfig);
-    } else {
-        ButtonConfig userConfigNoScreen;
-        userConfigNoScreen.pinNumber = (uint8_t)_pinNum;
-        userConfigNoScreen.activeLow = BUTTON_ACTIVE_LOW;
-        userConfigNoScreen.activePullup = BUTTON_ACTIVE_PULLUP;
-        userConfigNoScreen.pullupSense = pullup_sense;
-        userConfigNoScreen.intRoutine = []() {
-            UserButtonThread->userButton.tick();
-            UserButtonThread->setIntervalFromNow(0);
-            runASAP = true;
-            BaseType_t higherWake = 0;
-            mainDelay.interruptFromISR(&higherWake);
-        };
-        userConfigNoScreen.singlePress = INPUT_BROKER_USER_PRESS;
-        userConfigNoScreen.longPress = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
-        userConfigNoScreen.longPressTime = 500;
-        userConfigNoScreen.longLongPress = INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN;
-        userConfigNoScreen.doublePress = INPUT_BROKER_SEND_PING;
-        userConfigNoScreen.triplePress = INPUT_BROKER_GPS_TOGGLE;
-        UserButtonThread->initButton(userConfigNoScreen);
-    }
-#endif
-
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_INPUTBROKER
+    if (inputBroker)
+        inputBroker->Init();
 #endif
 
 #ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_NICHE_GRAPHICS
@@ -1258,252 +989,7 @@ void setup()
 #endif
 #endif
 
-#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    // as one can't use a function pointer to the class constructor:
-    auto loraModuleInterface = [](LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
-                                  RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy) {
-        switch (portduino_config.lora_module) {
-        case use_rf95:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new RF95Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_sx1262:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1262Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_sx1268:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1268Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_sx1280:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1280Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_lr1110:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1110Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_lr1120:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1120Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_lr1121:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1121Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_llcc68:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new LLCC68Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
-        case use_simradio:
-            return (RadioInterface *)new SimRadio;
-        default:
-            assert(0); // shouldn't happen
-            return (RadioInterface *)nullptr;
-        }
-    };
-
-    LOG_DEBUG("Activate %s radio on SPI port %s", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str(),
-              portduino_config.lora_spi_dev.c_str());
-    if (portduino_config.lora_spi_dev == "ch341") {
-        RadioLibHAL = ch341Hal;
-    } else {
-        RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI, spiSettings);
-    }
-    rIf =
-        loraModuleInterface((LockingArduinoHal *)RadioLibHAL, portduino_config.lora_cs_pin.pin, portduino_config.lora_irq_pin.pin,
-                            portduino_config.lora_reset_pin.pin, portduino_config.lora_busy_pin.pin);
-
-    if (!rIf->init()) {
-        LOG_WARN("No %s radio", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str());
-        delete rIf;
-        rIf = NULL;
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    } else {
-        LOG_INFO("%s init success", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str());
-    }
-
-#elif defined(HW_SPI1_DEVICE)
-    LockingArduinoHal *RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI1, spiSettings);
-#else // HW_SPI1_DEVICE
-    LockingArduinoHal *RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI, spiSettings);
-#endif
-
-    // radio init MUST BE AFTER service.init, so we have our radio config settings (from nodedb init)
-#if defined(USE_STM32WLx)
-    if (!rIf) {
-        rIf = new STM32WLE5JCInterface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No STM32WL radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("STM32WL init success");
-            radioType = STM32WLx_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(RF95_IRQ) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX127X != 1
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        rIf = new RF95Interface(RadioLibHAL, LORA_CS, RF95_IRQ, RF95_RESET, RF95_DIO1);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No RF95 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("RF95 init success");
-            radioType = RF95_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_SX1262) && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO) && !defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX126X != 1
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        auto *sxIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-#ifdef SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE
-        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-#endif
-        if (!sxIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio");
-            delete sxIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success");
-            rIf = sxIf;
-            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_SX1262) && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO) && defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        // try using the specified TCXO voltage
-        auto *sxIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-        if (!sxIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio with TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-            delete sxIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success, TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-            rIf = sxIf;
-            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        // If specified TCXO voltage fails, attempt to use DIO3 as a reference instead
-        rIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio with XTAL, Vref 0.0V");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success, XTAL, Vref 0.0V");
-            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_SX1268)
-#if defined(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE) && defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        // try using the specified TCXO voltage
-        auto *sxIf = new SX1268Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-        if (!sxIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1268 radio with TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-            delete sxIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1268 init success, TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-            rIf = sxIf;
-            radioType = SX1268_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        rIf = new SX1268Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1268 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1268 init success");
-            radioType = SX1268_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_LLCC68)
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        rIf = new LLCC68Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No LLCC68 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("LLCC68 init success");
-            radioType = LLCC68_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_LR1110) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
-    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
-        rIf = new LR1110Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1110_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1110_IRQ_PIN, LR1110_NRESET_PIN, LR1110_BUSY_PIN);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No LR1110 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("LR1110 init success");
-            radioType = LR1110_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_LR1120) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
-    if (!rIf) {
-        rIf = new LR1120Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1120_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1120_IRQ_PIN, LR1120_NRESET_PIN, LR1120_BUSY_PIN);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No LR1120 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("LR1120 init success");
-            radioType = LR1120_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_LR1121) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
-    if (!rIf) {
-        rIf = new LR1121Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1121_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1121_IRQ_PIN, LR1121_NRESET_PIN, LR1121_BUSY_PIN);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No LR1121 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("LR1121 init success");
-            radioType = LR1121_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_SX1280) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX128X != 1
-    if (!rIf) {
-        rIf = new SX1280Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX128X_CS, SX128X_DIO1, SX128X_RESET, SX128X_BUSY);
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No SX1280 radio");
-            delete rIf;
-            rIf = NULL;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("SX1280 init success");
-            radioType = SX1280_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // check if the radio chip matches the selected region
-    if ((config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) && rIf && (!rIf->wideLora())) {
-        LOG_WARN("LoRa chip does not support 2.4GHz. Revert to unset");
-        config.lora.region = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET;
-        nodeDB->saveToDisk(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
-
-        if (!rIf->reconfigure()) {
-            LOG_WARN("Reconfigure failed, rebooting");
-            if (screen) {
-                screen->showSimpleBanner("Rebooting...");
-            }
-            rebootAtMsec = millis() + 5000;
-        }
-    }
+    initLoRa();
 
     lateInitVariant(); // Do board specific init (see extra_variants/README.md for documentation)
 
@@ -1592,6 +1078,7 @@ bool suppressRebootBanner; // If true, suppress "Rebooting..." overlay (used for
 // This will suppress the current delay and instead try to run ASAP.
 bool runASAP;
 
+// TODO find better home than main.cpp
 extern meshtastic_DeviceMetadata getDeviceMetadata()
 {
     meshtastic_DeviceMetadata deviceMetadata;
@@ -1692,7 +1179,43 @@ void loop()
     if (inputBroker)
         inputBroker->processInputEventQueue();
 #endif
-#if ARCH_PORTDUINO && HAS_TFT
+#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    if (portduino_config.lora_spi_dev == "ch341" && ch341Hal != nullptr) {
+        ch341Hal->checkError();
+    }
+    if (portduino_status.LoRa_in_error && rebootAtMsec == 0) {
+        LOG_ERROR("LoRa in error detected, attempting to recover");
+        if (rIf != nullptr) {
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = nullptr;
+        }
+        if (portduino_config.lora_spi_dev == "ch341") {
+            if (ch341Hal != nullptr) {
+                delete ch341Hal;
+                ch341Hal = nullptr;
+                sleep(3);
+            }
+            try {
+                ch341Hal = new Ch341Hal(0, portduino_config.lora_usb_serial_num, portduino_config.lora_usb_vid,
+                                        portduino_config.lora_usb_pid);
+            } catch (std::exception &e) {
+                std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
+                std::cerr << "Could not initialize CH341 device!" << std::endl;
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+            }
+        }
+        if (initLoRa()) {
+            router->addInterface(rIf);
+            portduino_status.LoRa_in_error = false;
+        } else {
+            LOG_WARN("Reconfigure failed, rebooting");
+            if (screen) {
+                screen->showSimpleBanner("Rebooting...");
+            }
+            rebootAtMsec = millis() + 25;
+        }
+    }
+#if HAS_TFT
     if (screen && portduino_config.displayPanel == x11 &&
         config.display.displaymode != meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_COLOR) {
         auto dispdev = screen->getDisplayDevice();
@@ -1700,6 +1223,7 @@ void loop()
             static_cast<TFTDisplay *>(dispdev)->sdlLoop();
     }
 #endif
+#endif
 #if HAS_SCREEN && ENABLE_MESSAGE_PERSISTENCE
     messageStoreAutosaveTick();
 #endif

src/main.h

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ extern NRF52Bluetooth *nrf52Bluetooth;
 #if ARCH_PORTDUINO
 extern HardwareSPI *DisplaySPI;
 extern HardwareSPI *LoraSPI;
-
 #endif
+
 extern ScanI2C::DeviceAddress screen_found;
 extern ScanI2C::DeviceAddress cardkb_found;
 extern uint8_t kb_model;
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ extern bool isUSBPowered;
 extern Adafruit_DRV2605 drv;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAS_PCA9557
+#include <PCA9557.h>
+extern PCA9557 io;
+#endif
+
 #ifdef HAS_I2S
 #include "AudioThread.h"
 extern AudioThread *audioThread;
 #endif
 
-#ifdef ELECROW_ThinkNode_M5
-#include <PCA9557.h>
-extern PCA9557 io;
-#endif
-
 #ifdef HAS_UDP_MULTICAST
 #include "mesh/udp/UdpMulticastHandler.h"
 extern UdpMulticastHandler *udpHandler;

src/mesh/CryptoEngine.cpp

@@ -61,11 +61,6 @@ bool CryptoEngine::regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey)
     return true;
 }
 #endif
-void CryptoEngine::clearKeys()
-{
-    memset(public_key, 0, sizeof(public_key));
-    memset(private_key, 0, sizeof(private_key));
-}
 
 /**
  * Encrypt a packet's payload using a key generated with Curve25519 and SHA256

src/mesh/CryptoEngine.h

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class CryptoEngine
     virtual bool regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey);
 
 #endif
-    void clearKeys();
     void setDHPrivateKey(uint8_t *_private_key);
     virtual bool encryptCurve25519(uint32_t toNode, uint32_t fromNode, meshtastic_UserLite_public_key_t remotePublic,
                                    uint64_t packetNum, size_t numBytes, const uint8_t *bytes, uint8_t *bytesOut);

src/mesh/LR11x0Interface.cpp

@@ -91,10 +91,21 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::init()
     LOG_DEBUG("Set RF1 switch to %s", getFreq() < 1e9 ? "SubGHz" : "2.4GHz");
 #endif
 
+    // Allow extra time for TCXO to stabilize after power-on
+    delay(10);
+
     int res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
+
+    // Retry if we get SPI command failed - some units need extra TCXO stabilization time
+    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED) {
+        LOG_WARN("LR11x0 init failed with %d (SPI_CMD_FAILED), retrying after delay...", res);
+        delay(100);
+        res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
+    }
+
     // \todo Display actual typename of the adapter, not just `LR11x0`
     LOG_INFO("LR11x0 init result %d", res);
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND)
+    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND || res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED)
         return false;
 
     LR11x0VersionInfo_t version;
@@ -159,7 +170,7 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
     if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
         RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
 
-    err = lora.setCodingRate(cr);
+    err = lora.setCodingRate(cr, cr != 7); // use long interleaving except if CR is 4/7 which doesn't support it
     if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
         RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
 

src/mesh/MeshRadio.h

@@ -22,4 +22,99 @@ struct RegionInfo {
 extern const RegionInfo regions[];
 extern const RegionInfo *myRegion;
 
-extern void initRegion();
+extern void initRegion();
+
+static inline float bwCodeToKHz(uint16_t bwCode)
+{
+    if (bwCode == 31)
+        return 31.25f;
+    if (bwCode == 62)
+        return 62.5f;
+    if (bwCode == 200)
+        return 203.125f;
+    if (bwCode == 400)
+        return 406.25f;
+    if (bwCode == 800)
+        return 812.5f;
+    if (bwCode == 1600)
+        return 1625.0f;
+    return (float)bwCode;
+}
+
+static inline uint16_t bwKHzToCode(float bwKHz)
+{
+    if (bwKHz > 31.24f && bwKHz < 31.26f)
+        return 31;
+    if (bwKHz > 62.49f && bwKHz < 62.51f)
+        return 62;
+    if (bwKHz > 203.12f && bwKHz < 203.13f)
+        return 200;
+    if (bwKHz > 406.24f && bwKHz < 406.26f)
+        return 400;
+    if (bwKHz > 812.49f && bwKHz < 812.51f)
+        return 800;
+    if (bwKHz > 1624.99f && bwKHz < 1625.01f)
+        return 1600;
+    return (uint16_t)(bwKHz + 0.5f);
+}
+
+static inline void modemPresetToParams(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset preset, bool wideLora, float &bwKHz, uint8_t &sf,
+                                       uint8_t &cr)
+{
+    switch (preset) {
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 1625.0f : 500.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 7;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 812.5f : 250.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 7;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 812.5f : 250.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 8;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 812.5f : 250.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 9;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 812.5f : 250.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 10;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_TURBO:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 1625.0f : 500.0f;
+        cr = 8;
+        sf = 11;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 406.25f : 125.0f;
+        cr = 8;
+        sf = 11;
+        break;
+    case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW:
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 406.25f : 125.0f;
+        cr = 8;
+        sf = 12;
+        break;
+    default: // LONG_FAST (or illegal)
+        bwKHz = wideLora ? 812.5f : 250.0f;
+        cr = 5;
+        sf = 11;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline float modemPresetToBwKHz(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset preset, bool wideLora)
+{
+    float bwKHz = 0;
+    uint8_t sf = 0;
+    uint8_t cr = 0;
+    modemPresetToParams(preset, wideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
+    return bwKHz;
+}

src/mesh/NodeDB.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "PacketHistory.h"
 #include "PowerFSM.h"
 #include "RTC.h"
+#include "RadioInterface.h"
 #include "Router.h"
 #include "SPILock.h"
 #include "SafeFile.h"
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <pb_decode.h>
 #include <pb_encode.h>
+#include <power/PowerHAL.h>
 #include <vector>
 
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
@@ -822,16 +824,10 @@ void NodeDB::installDefaultModuleConfig()
     moduleConfig.external_notification.output_ms = 500;
     moduleConfig.external_notification.nag_timeout = 2;
 #endif
-#if defined(RAK4630) || defined(RAK11310) || defined(RAK3312) || defined(MUZI_BASE) || defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M3) ||          \
-    defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M4) || defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M6)
-    // Default to PIN_LED2 for external notification output (LED color depends on device variant)
+#if defined(LED_NOTIFICATION)
     moduleConfig.external_notification.enabled = true;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.output = PIN_LED2;
-#if defined(MUZI_BASE) || defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M3)
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.active = false;
-#else
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.active = true;
-#endif
+    moduleConfig.external_notification.output = LED_NOTIFICATION;
+    moduleConfig.external_notification.active = LED_STATE_ON;
     moduleConfig.external_notification.alert_message = true;
     moduleConfig.external_notification.output_ms = 1000;
     moduleConfig.external_notification.nag_timeout = default_ringtone_nag_secs;
@@ -855,15 +851,6 @@ void NodeDB::installDefaultModuleConfig()
     moduleConfig.external_notification.output_ms = 100;
     moduleConfig.external_notification.active = true;
 #endif
-#ifdef ELECROW_ThinkNode_M1
-    // Default to Elecrow USER_LED (blue)
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.enabled = true;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.output = USER_LED;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.active = true;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.alert_message = true;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.output_ms = 1000;
-    moduleConfig.external_notification.nag_timeout = 60;
-#endif
 #ifdef T_LORA_PAGER
     moduleConfig.canned_message.updown1_enabled = true;
     moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_a = ROTARY_A;
@@ -1297,6 +1284,13 @@ void NodeDB::loadFromDisk()
             LOG_INFO("Loaded saved config version %d", config.version);
         }
     }
+
+    // Coerce LoRa config fields derived from presets while bootstrapping.
+    // Some clients/UI components display bandwidth/spread_factor directly from config even in preset mode.
+    if (config.has_lora && config.lora.use_preset) {
+        RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(config.lora);
+    }
+
     if (backupSecurity.private_key.size > 0) {
         LOG_DEBUG("Restoring backup of security config");
         config.security = backupSecurity;
@@ -1418,6 +1412,14 @@ void NodeDB::loadFromDisk()
 bool NodeDB::saveProto(const char *filename, size_t protoSize, const pb_msgdesc_t *fields, const void *dest_struct,
                        bool fullAtomic)
 {
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway. Device should be sleeping at this point anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveProto() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     bool okay = false;
 #ifdef FSCom
     auto f = SafeFile(filename, fullAtomic);
@@ -1444,6 +1446,14 @@ bool NodeDB::saveProto(const char *filename, size_t protoSize, const pb_msgdesc_
 
 bool NodeDB::saveChannelsToDisk()
 {
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveChannelsToDisk() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
 #ifdef FSCom
     spiLock->lock();
     FSCom.mkdir("/prefs");
@@ -1454,6 +1464,14 @@ bool NodeDB::saveChannelsToDisk()
 
 bool NodeDB::saveDeviceStateToDisk()
 {
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway. Device should be sleeping at this point anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveDeviceStateToDisk() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
 #ifdef FSCom
     spiLock->lock();
     FSCom.mkdir("/prefs");
@@ -1466,6 +1484,14 @@ bool NodeDB::saveDeviceStateToDisk()
 
 bool NodeDB::saveNodeDatabaseToDisk()
 {
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway. Device should be sleeping at this point anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveNodeDatabaseToDisk() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
 #ifdef FSCom
     spiLock->lock();
     FSCom.mkdir("/prefs");
@@ -1478,6 +1504,14 @@ bool NodeDB::saveNodeDatabaseToDisk()
 
 bool NodeDB::saveToDiskNoRetry(int saveWhat)
 {
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway. Device should be sleeping at this point anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveToDiskNoRetry() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     bool success = true;
 #ifdef FSCom
     spiLock->lock();
@@ -1533,6 +1567,14 @@ bool NodeDB::saveToDiskNoRetry(int saveWhat)
 bool NodeDB::saveToDisk(int saveWhat)
 {
     LOG_DEBUG("Save to disk %d", saveWhat);
+
+    // do not try to save anything if power level is not safe. In many cases flash will be lock-protected
+    // and all writes will fail anyway. Device should be sleeping at this point anyway.
+    if (!powerHAL_isPowerLevelSafe()) {
+        LOG_ERROR("Error: trying to saveToDisk() on unsafe device power level.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     bool success = saveToDiskNoRetry(saveWhat);
 
     if (!success) {
@@ -2190,7 +2232,10 @@ void recordCriticalError(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode code, uint32_t address, co
 
     // Currently portuino is mostly used for simulation.  Make sure the user notices something really bad happened
 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    LOG_ERROR("A critical failure occurred, portduino is exiting");
-    exit(2);
+    LOG_ERROR("A critical failure occurred");
+    // TODO: Determine if other critical errors should also cause an immediate exit
+    if (code == meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_FLASH_CORRUPTION_RECOVERABLE ||
+        code == meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_FLASH_CORRUPTION_UNRECOVERABLE)
+        exit(2);
 #endif
 }

src/mesh/RF95Interface.cpp

@@ -177,6 +177,9 @@ bool RF95Interface::init()
 
     int res = lora->begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength);
     LOG_INFO("RF95 init result %d", res);
+    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND || res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED)
+        return false;
+
     LOG_INFO("Frequency set to %f", getFreq());
     LOG_INFO("Bandwidth set to %f", bw);
     LOG_INFO("Power output set to %d", power);

src/mesh/RadioInterface.cpp

@@ -1,17 +1,36 @@
 #include "RadioInterface.h"
 #include "Channels.h"
 #include "DisplayFormatters.h"
+#include "LLCC68Interface.h"
+#include "LR1110Interface.h"
+#include "LR1120Interface.h"
+#include "LR1121Interface.h"
 #include "MeshRadio.h"
 #include "MeshService.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
+#include "RF95Interface.h"
 #include "Router.h"
+#include "SX1262Interface.h"
+#include "SX1268Interface.h"
+#include "SX1280Interface.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
+#include "detect/LoRaRadioType.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "sleep.h"
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <pb_decode.h>
 #include <pb_encode.h>
 
+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+#include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
+#include "platform/portduino/SimRadio.h"
+#include "platform/portduino/USBHal.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
+#include "STM32WLE5JCInterface.h"
+#endif
+
 // Calculate 2^n without calling pow()
 uint32_t pow_of_2(uint32_t n)
 {
@@ -205,6 +224,281 @@ bool RadioInterface::uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
 
 static uint8_t bytes[MAX_LORA_PAYLOAD_LEN + 1];
 
+// Global LoRa radio type
+LoRaRadioType radioType = NO_RADIO;
+
+extern RadioInterface *rIf;
+extern RadioLibHal *RadioLibHAL;
+#if defined(HW_SPI1_DEVICE) && defined(ARCH_ESP32)
+extern SPIClass SPI1;
+#endif
+
+bool initLoRa()
+{
+    if (rIf != nullptr) {
+        delete rIf;
+        rIf = nullptr;
+    }
+
+#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    SPISettings spiSettings(portduino_config.spiSpeed, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0);
+#else
+    SPISettings spiSettings(4000000, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    // as one can't use a function pointer to the class constructor:
+    auto loraModuleInterface = [](LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
+                                  RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy) {
+        switch (portduino_config.lora_module) {
+        case use_rf95:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new RF95Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_sx1262:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1262Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_sx1268:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1268Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_sx1280:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new SX1280Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_lr1110:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1110Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_lr1120:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1120Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_lr1121:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new LR1121Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_llcc68:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new LLCC68Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy);
+        case use_simradio:
+            return (RadioInterface *)new SimRadio;
+        default:
+            assert(0); // shouldn't happen
+            return (RadioInterface *)nullptr;
+        }
+    };
+
+    LOG_DEBUG("Activate %s radio on SPI port %s", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str(),
+              portduino_config.lora_spi_dev.c_str());
+    if (portduino_config.lora_spi_dev == "ch341") {
+        RadioLibHAL = ch341Hal;
+    } else {
+        if (RadioLibHAL != nullptr) {
+            delete RadioLibHAL;
+            RadioLibHAL = nullptr;
+        }
+        RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI, spiSettings);
+    }
+    rIf =
+        loraModuleInterface((LockingArduinoHal *)RadioLibHAL, portduino_config.lora_cs_pin.pin, portduino_config.lora_irq_pin.pin,
+                            portduino_config.lora_reset_pin.pin, portduino_config.lora_busy_pin.pin);
+
+    if (!rIf->init()) {
+        LOG_WARN("No %s radio", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str());
+        delete rIf;
+        rIf = NULL;
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    } else {
+        LOG_INFO("%s init success", portduino_config.loraModules[portduino_config.lora_module].c_str());
+    }
+
+#elif defined(HW_SPI1_DEVICE)
+    LockingArduinoHal *RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI1, spiSettings);
+#else // HW_SPI1_DEVICE
+    LockingArduinoHal *RadioLibHAL = new LockingArduinoHal(SPI, spiSettings);
+#endif
+
+// radio init MUST BE AFTER service.init, so we have our radio config settings (from nodedb init)
+#if defined(USE_STM32WLx)
+    if (!rIf) {
+        rIf = new STM32WLE5JCInterface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No STM32WL radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("STM32WL init success");
+            radioType = STM32WLx_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(RF95_IRQ) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX127X != 1
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        rIf = new RF95Interface(RadioLibHAL, LORA_CS, RF95_IRQ, RF95_RESET, RF95_DIO1);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No RF95 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("RF95 init success");
+            radioType = RF95_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_SX1262) && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO) && !defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX126X != 1
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        auto *sxIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+#ifdef SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE
+        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+#endif
+        if (!sxIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio");
+            delete sxIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success");
+            rIf = sxIf;
+            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_SX1262) && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO) && defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        // try using the specified TCXO voltage
+        auto *sxIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+        if (!sxIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio with TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+            delete sxIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success, TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+            rIf = sxIf;
+            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        // If specified TCXO voltage fails, attempt to use DIO3 as a reference instead
+        rIf = new SX1262Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1262 radio with XTAL, Vref 0.0V");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1262 init success, XTAL, Vref 0.0V");
+            radioType = SX1262_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_SX1268)
+#if defined(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE) && defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        // try using the specified TCXO voltage
+        auto *sxIf = new SX1268Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        sxIf->setTCXOVoltage(SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+        if (!sxIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1268 radio with TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+            delete sxIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1268 init success, TCXO, Vref %fV", SX126X_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+            rIf = sxIf;
+            radioType = SX1268_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        rIf = new SX1268Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1268 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1268 init success");
+            radioType = SX1268_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_LLCC68)
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        rIf = new LLCC68Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX126X_CS, SX126X_DIO1, SX126X_RESET, SX126X_BUSY);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No LLCC68 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("LLCC68 init success");
+            radioType = LLCC68_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_LR1110) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
+    if ((!rIf) && (config.lora.region != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) {
+        rIf = new LR1110Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1110_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1110_IRQ_PIN, LR1110_NRESET_PIN, LR1110_BUSY_PIN);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No LR1110 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("LR1110 init success");
+            radioType = LR1110_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_LR1120) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
+    if (!rIf) {
+        rIf = new LR1120Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1120_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1120_IRQ_PIN, LR1120_NRESET_PIN, LR1120_BUSY_PIN);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No LR1120 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("LR1120 init success");
+            radioType = LR1120_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_LR1121) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR11X0 != 1
+    if (!rIf) {
+        rIf = new LR1121Interface(RadioLibHAL, LR1121_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR1121_IRQ_PIN, LR1121_NRESET_PIN, LR1121_BUSY_PIN);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No LR1121 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("LR1121 init success");
+            radioType = LR1121_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(USE_SX1280) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX128X != 1
+    if (!rIf) {
+        rIf = new SX1280Interface(RadioLibHAL, SX128X_CS, SX128X_DIO1, SX128X_RESET, SX128X_BUSY);
+        if (!rIf->init()) {
+            LOG_WARN("No SX1280 radio");
+            delete rIf;
+            rIf = NULL;
+        } else {
+            LOG_INFO("SX1280 init success");
+            radioType = SX1280_RADIO;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // check if the radio chip matches the selected region
+    if ((config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) && rIf && (!rIf->wideLora())) {
+        LOG_WARN("LoRa chip does not support 2.4GHz. Revert to unset");
+        config.lora.region = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET;
+        nodeDB->saveToDisk(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
+
+        if (rIf && !rIf->reconfigure()) {
+            LOG_WARN("Reconfigure failed, rebooting");
+            if (screen) {
+                screen->showSimpleBanner("Rebooting...");
+            }
+            rebootAtMsec = millis() + 5000;
+        }
+    }
+    return rIf != nullptr;
+}
+
 void initRegion()
 {
     const RegionInfo *r = regions;
@@ -220,6 +514,34 @@ void initRegion()
     myRegion = r;
 }
 
+void RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
+{
+    if (!loraConfig.use_preset) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Find region info to determine whether "wide" LoRa is permitted (2.4 GHz uses wider bandwidth codes).
+    const RegionInfo *r = regions;
+    for (; r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && r->code != loraConfig.region; r++)
+        ;
+
+    const bool regionWideLora = r->wideLora;
+
+    float bwKHz = 0;
+    uint8_t sf = 0;
+    uint8_t cr = 0;
+    modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
+
+    // If selected preset requests a bandwidth larger than the region span, fall back to LONG_FAST.
+    if (r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && (r->freqEnd - r->freqStart) < (bwKHz / 1000.0f)) {
+        loraConfig.modem_preset = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST;
+        modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
+    }
+
+    loraConfig.bandwidth = bwKHzToCode(bwKHz);
+    loraConfig.spread_factor = sf;
+}
+
 /**
  * ## LoRaWAN for North America
 
@@ -474,54 +796,7 @@ void RadioInterface::applyModemConfig()
     bool validConfig = false; // We need to check for a valid configuration
     while (!validConfig) {
         if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
-
-            switch (loraConfig.modem_preset) {
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 1625.0 : 500;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 7;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 7;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 8;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 9;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 10;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_TURBO:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 1625.0 : 500;
-                cr = 8;
-                sf = 11;
-                break;
-            default: // Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST is default. Gracefully use this is preset is something illegal.
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 812.5 : 250;
-                cr = 5;
-                sf = 11;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 406.25 : 125;
-                cr = 8;
-                sf = 11;
-                break;
-            case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW:
-                bw = (myRegion->wideLora) ? 406.25 : 125;
-                cr = 8;
-                sf = 12;
-                break;
-            }
+            modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora, bw, sf, cr);
             if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate != cr) {
                 cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
                 LOG_INFO("Using custom Coding Rate %u", cr);
@@ -529,20 +804,7 @@ void RadioInterface::applyModemConfig()
         } else {
             sf = loraConfig.spread_factor;
             cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
-            bw = loraConfig.bandwidth;
-
-            if (bw == 31) // This parameter is not an integer
-                bw = 31.25;
-            if (bw == 62) // Fix for 62.5Khz bandwidth
-                bw = 62.5;
-            if (bw == 200)
-                bw = 203.125;
-            if (bw == 400)
-                bw = 406.25;
-            if (bw == 800)
-                bw = 812.5;
-            if (bw == 1600)
-                bw = 1625.0;
+            bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
         }
 
         if ((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) < bw / 1000) {
@@ -666,18 +928,24 @@ void RadioInterface::limitPower(int8_t loraMaxPower)
         power = maxPower;
     }
 
-#ifndef NUM_PA_POINTS
-    if (TX_GAIN_LORA > 0 && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
-        LOG_INFO("Requested Tx power: %d dBm; Device LoRa Tx gain: %d dB", power, TX_GAIN_LORA);
-        power -= TX_GAIN_LORA;
-    }
+#ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
+    size_t num_pa_points = portduino_config.num_pa_points;
+    const uint16_t *tx_gain = portduino_config.tx_gain_lora;
 #else
-    if (!devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
+    size_t num_pa_points = NUM_PA_POINTS;
+    const uint16_t tx_gain[NUM_PA_POINTS] = {TX_GAIN_LORA};
+#endif
+
+    if (num_pa_points == 1) {
+        if (tx_gain[0] > 0 && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
+            LOG_INFO("Requested Tx power: %d dBm; Device LoRa Tx gain: %d dB", power, tx_gain[0]);
+            power -= tx_gain[0];
+        }
+    } else if (!devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
         // we have an array of PA gain values.  Find the highest power setting that works.
-        const uint16_t tx_gain[NUM_PA_POINTS] = {TX_GAIN_LORA};
-        for (int radio_dbm = 0; radio_dbm < NUM_PA_POINTS; radio_dbm++) {
+        for (int radio_dbm = 0; radio_dbm < num_pa_points; radio_dbm++) {
             if (((radio_dbm + tx_gain[radio_dbm]) > power) ||
-                ((radio_dbm == (NUM_PA_POINTS - 1)) && ((radio_dbm + tx_gain[radio_dbm]) <= power))) {
+                ((radio_dbm == (num_pa_points - 1)) && ((radio_dbm + tx_gain[radio_dbm]) <= power))) {
                 // we've exceeded the power limit, or hit the max we can do
                 LOG_INFO("Requested Tx power: %d dBm; Device LoRa Tx gain: %d dB", power, tx_gain[radio_dbm]);
                 power -= tx_gain[radio_dbm];
@@ -685,7 +953,7 @@ void RadioInterface::limitPower(int8_t loraMaxPower)
             }
         }
     }
-#endif
+
     if (power > loraMaxPower) // Clamp power to maximum defined level
         power = loraMaxPower;
 

src/mesh/RadioInterface.h

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 #include "airtime.h"
 #include "error.h"
 
+// Forward decl to avoid a direct include of generated config headers / full LoRaConfig definition in this widely-included file.
+typedef struct _meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig;
+
 #define MAX_TX_QUEUE 16 // max number of packets which can be waiting for transmission
 
 #define MAX_LORA_PAYLOAD_LEN 255 // max length of 255 per Semtech's datasheets on SX12xx
@@ -115,6 +118,12 @@ class RadioInterface
 
     virtual ~RadioInterface() {}
 
+    /**
+     * Coerce LoRa config fields (bandwidth/spread_factor) derived from presets.
+     * This is used during early bootstrapping so UIs that display these fields directly remain consistent.
+     */
+    static void bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
+
     /**
      * Return true if we think the board can go to sleep (i.e. our tx queue is empty, we are not sending or receiving)
      *
@@ -270,5 +279,7 @@ class RadioInterface
     }
 };
 
+bool initLoRa();
+
 /// Debug printing for packets
 void printPacket(const char *prefix, const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p);

src/mesh/ReliableRouter.cpp

@@ -17,12 +17,6 @@
 ErrorCode ReliableRouter::send(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
 {
     if (p->want_ack) {
-        // If someone asks for acks on broadcast, we need the hop limit to be at least one, so that first node that receives our
-        // message will rebroadcast.  But asking for hop_limit 0 in that context means the client app has no preference on hop
-        // counts and we want this message to get through the whole mesh, so use the default.
-        if (p->hop_limit == 0) {
-            p->hop_limit = Default::getConfiguredOrDefaultHopLimit(config.lora.hop_limit);
-        }
         DEBUG_HEAP_BEFORE;
         auto copy = packetPool.allocCopy(*p);
         DEBUG_HEAP_AFTER("ReliableRouter::send", copy);